Ibisobanuro

1. Intangiriro

2. Gutegura mbere yo kwishyiriraho

2.1 Ibikoresho no kugenzura ibice

• Kugenzura Ikirangantego Kugenzura: Emeza ko kashe ya mashini ihujwe n’amazi akoreshwa (urugero, ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, imiterere yimiti), icyitegererezo cyibikoresho, nubunini bwa shaft. Reba urupapuro rwabashinzwe gukora cyangwa igitabo cya tekiniki kugirango umenye neza kashe (urugero, ibikoresho bya elastomer, ibikoresho byo mumaso) bihuye nibisabwa. Kurugero, kashe igenewe serivisi zamazi ntishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi no kwangirika kwimiti ya peteroli ikomoka kuri peteroli.
• Kugenzura Ibigize: Suzuma ibice byose bya kashe (isura ihagaze, isura izunguruka, amasoko, elastomers, O-impeta, gasketi, nibikoresho) kugirango ugaragaze ibimenyetso byangiritse, kwambara, cyangwa inenge. Reba ibice, uduce, cyangwa ibishushanyo ku maso ya kashe - ndetse nudusembwa duto dushobora gutera. Kugenzura elastomers (urugero, nitrile, Viton, EPDM) kugirango bikomere, byoroshye, nibimenyetso byo gusaza (urugero, ubukana, kubyimba), kuko elastomers yangiritse ntishobora gukora kashe nziza. Menya neza ko amasoko adafite ingese, ihindagurika, cyangwa umunaniro, kuko bikomeza umuvuduko ukenewe wo guhura hagati yikimenyetso.
• Kugenzura Shaft n’amazu: Kugenzura ibikoresho bya shitingi (cyangwa amaboko) hamwe n’amazu byangiritse bishobora kugira ingaruka ku guhuza kashe cyangwa kwicara. Reba igiti kugirango ubeho neza, ovality, cyangwa inenge zo hejuru (urugero, gushushanya, ibinono) mugace ka kashe izunguruka izashyirwaho. Ubuso bwa shaft bugomba kugira iherezo ryiza (mubisanzwe Ra 0.2–0.8 μ m) kugirango birinde kwangirika kwa elastomer no kwemeza neza. Kugenzura imyubakire yimyubakire kugirango yambare, idahuye, cyangwa imyanda, hanyuma urebe ko icyicaro gihagaze (niba cyinjijwe mumazu) kiringaniye kandi kitarangiritse.
• Kugenzura Ibipimo: Koresha ibikoresho bipima neza (urugero, kaliperi, micrometero, ibipimo byerekana) kugirango wemeze ibipimo byingenzi. Gupima diameter ya shaft kugirango urebe ko ihuye na diametre y'imbere ya kashe, hanyuma urebe inzu ya bore ya diametre imbere ya diameter yo hanze. Kugenzura intera iri hagati yigitugu nigitereko cyamazu kugirango umenye neza ko kashe izashyirwaho mubwimbitse.

2.2 Gutegura ibikoresho

• Ibikoresho bipima neza: Calipers (digitale cyangwa vernier), micrometero, ibipimo byerekana (kugenzura kugenzura), hamwe nuburebure bwimbitse kugirango hamenyekane ibipimo no guhuza.
• Ibikoresho bya Torque: Ibikoresho bya Torque (intoki cyangwa digitale) byahinduwe kugirango bisobanurwe nuwabikoze kugirango akoreshe urumuri rukwiye kuri bolts na feri. Kurenza urugero birashobora kwangiza elastomers cyangwa guhindura ibimenyetso bya kashe, mugihe munsi ya torque irashobora gutuma habaho guhuza no gutemba.
• Ibikoresho byo kwishyiriraho: Funga amaboko yo kwishyiriraho (kurinda elastomeri no gufunga kashe mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho), imirongo ya shaft (kugirango wirinde gushushanya ku rufunzo), hamwe ninyundo zoroshye-mumaso (urugero, reberi cyangwa umuringa) kugirango ukore ibice ahantu hatabangamiwe.
• Ibikoresho byogusukura: Umwenda utarimo Lint, umuyonga udasiba, hamwe nudukoresho twa suku (urugero, inzoga ya isopropyl, imyuka yubumara) kugirango usukure ibice hamwe nibikoresho hejuru. Irinde gukoresha ibishashara bikaze bishobora gutesha agaciro elastomers.
• Ibikoresho byumutekano: Ibirahure byumutekano, gants (birwanya imiti iyo ikoresheje amazi yangiza), kurinda ugutwi (niba ukorana nibikoresho bikomeye), hamwe ninkinzo yo mumaso (kubikoresha umuvuduko ukabije).

2.3 Gutegura Akazi

• Sukura Ibidukikije: Kuraho imyanda, ivumbi, nibindi byanduza aho ukorera. Gupfuka ibikoresho biri hafi kugirango wirinde kwangirika cyangwa kwanduza.
• Shiraho Akazi: Koresha intebe isukuye, iringaniye kugirango ukusanyirize hamwe kashe. Shira umwenda utagira linti cyangwa materi ya reberi ku kazi kugirango ukingire kashe ya kashe.
• Ibirango Ibirango: Niba kashe yatandukanijwe (urugero, kugirango igenzurwe), andika buri kintu kugirango urebe neza ko giteranya neza. Koresha ibikoresho bito cyangwa ibikapu kugirango ubike ibice bito (urugero, amasoko, O-impeta) kandi wirinde igihombo.
• Isubiramo Inyandiko: Saba igitabo cyo kwishyiriraho uwagikoze, ibishushanyo by'ibikoresho, n'impapuro z'umutekano (SDS) byoroshye kuboneka. Iyimenyereze nintambwe yihariye ya kashe yerekana gushyirwaho, kuko inzira zishobora gutandukana hagati yababikora.

3. Intambwe ku yindi Kwishyiriraho kashe ya mashini

3.1 Uburyo rusange bwo Kwishyiriraho (Ikidodo kitari Cartridge)

3.1.1 Gutegura igiti n'amazu

1. Sukura Igiti n'inzu: Koresha umwenda utarimo linti hamwe na solvent ibangikanye kugirango usukure igiti (cyangwa amaboko) hamwe na bore. Kuraho ibisigisigi byose bishaje, ingese, cyangwa imyanda. Kubisigara binangiye, koresha umuyonga udakabije - irinde gukoresha umusenyi cyangwa umuringa winsinga, kuko zishobora gutobora hejuru yumutwe.
2. Kugenzura ibyangiritse: Ongera usuzume igiti n'inzu ku nenge iyo ari yo yose yabuze mbere yo kwishyiriraho. Niba igiti gifite ibishushanyo bito, koresha neza-grit sandpaper (400-600 grit) kugirango uhanagure hejuru, ukore mucyerekezo cyizunguruka. Kubishushanyo byimbitse cyangwa eccentricité, simbuza igiti cyangwa ushyireho urutoki.
3. Koresha amavuta (Niba bikenewe): Koresha urwego ruto rwamavuta (urugero, amavuta yubutare, amavuta ya silicone) hejuru yumutwe hamwe na bore yimbere yikizunguruka. Ibi bigabanya ubushyamirane mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho kandi birinda kwangirika kwa elastomers. Menya neza ko amavuta ahura n’amazi akoreshwa - urugero, irinde gukoresha amavuta ashingiye ku mavuta hamwe n’amazi ashonga.

3.1.2 Gushiraho Ikimenyetso Cyahagaritswe

1. Tegura Intebe ihagaze: Kugenzura intebe ihagaze kugirango yangiritse kandi uyisukure hamwe nigitambara kitarimo lint. Niba intebe ifite O-impeta cyangwa gasike, shyiramo amavuta yoroheje kuri O-impeta kugirango woroshye kwishyiriraho.
2. ShyiramoIntebe ihagazemu myubakire: Witonze winjize intebe ihagaze muri bore yimyubakire, urebe neza ko ihujwe neza. Koresha inyundo-yoroheje inyundo kugirango ukande intebe ahantu kugeza yicaye byuzuye ku rutugu. Ntukoreshe imbaraga zikabije, kuko ibi bishobora kumena isura ihagaze.
3. Shira intebe ihagaze (Niba bikenewe): Intebe zimwe zihagaze zifatirwa mumwanya ugumana impeta, bolts, cyangwa isahani ya gland. Niba ukoresheje bolts, koresha itara ryukuri (ukurikije ibyakozwe nuwabikoze) muburyo bwa crisscross kugirango umenye nigitutu. Ntugakabye cyane, kuko ibi bishobora guhindura intebe cyangwa kwangiza O-impeta.

3.1.3 Gushiraho Ikizunguruka Ikimenyetso

1. Guteranya Ibizunguruka: Niba ibice bizunguruka bitabanje guteranyirizwa hamwe, shyira mu maso hizunguruka ku ntoki za shaft ukoresheje ibyuma byatanzwe (urugero, shiraho imigozi, gufunga utubuto). Menya neza ko isura izunguruka ihujwe neza kandi ikomezwa neza. Shyira amasoko (imwe cyangwa amasoko menshi) kumaboko, urebe neza ko ahagaze neza (ku gishushanyo mbonera) kugirango ugumane igitutu mumaso azunguruka.
2. Shyiramo ibice bizunguruka kuri Shaft: Shyira ibice bizunguruka kuri shitingi, urebe ko isura izunguruka ihwanye nisura ihagaze. Koresha ikidodo cyo gushiraho kashe kugirango urinde elastomers (urugero, O-impeta ku ntoki) hamwe nisura izunguruka uhereye igihe ushizemo. Niba igiti gifite urufunguzo, shyira inzira kumurongo hamwe nurufunguzo rwa shaft kugirango bizenguruke neza.
3. Kurinda ibice bizunguruka: Iyo ibice bizunguruka bimaze kuba muburyo bukwiye (mubisanzwe urwanya urutugu rwa shaft cyangwa impeta igumana), kurindira umutekano ukoresheje imigozi yashizweho cyangwa ibinyomoro bifunze. Komeza imigozi yashizwemo muburyo bwa crisscross, ushyire kumurongo wagenwe nuwabikoze. Irinde gukomera cyane, kuko ibi bishobora kugoreka amaboko cyangwa kwangiza isura izunguruka.

3.1.4 Gushiraho icyapa cya Gland na cheque yanyuma

1. Tegura isahani ya Gland: Kugenzura isahani ya gland kugirango yangiritse kandi uyisukure neza. Niba isahani ya gland ifite O-impeta cyangwa gasketi, iyisimbuze iyindi nshyashya (ukurikije ibyifuzo byabayikoze) hanyuma ushyireho amavuta yoroheje kugirango ushireho kashe neza.
2. Shira icyapa cya Gland: Shyira isahani ya gland hejuru yikimenyetso, urebe ko ihujwe na bolts. Shyiramo ibimera hanyuma ubizirikane mu ntoki kugirango ufate isahani ya glande.
3. Huza icyapa cya Gland: Koresha icyerekezo cyo kugenzura kugirango ugenzure guhuza isahani ya gland hamwe nigiti. Amazi (eccentricity) agomba kuba munsi ya 0,05 mm (santimetero 0.002) kuri plaque ya gland. Hindura ibihindu nkuko bikenewe kugirango ukosore nabi.
4. Torque ya Gland Plate Bolts: Ukoresheje umurongo wa torque, komeza ibibaho bya plaque muburyo bwa crisscross kugeza kumurongo wabigenewe. Ibi byemeza ndetse nigitutu hejuru yikimenyetso kandi bikarinda kudahuza. Ongera usuzume ibisohoka nyuma yo gutwikwa kugirango wemeze guhuza.
5. Ubugenzuzi bwa nyuma: Reba neza ibice byose kugirango urebe neza ko byashizweho neza. Reba icyuho kiri hagati yisahani ya gland nuburaro, hanyuma urebe ko ibice bizunguruka bigenda byisanzuye hamwe nigiti (nta guhuza cyangwa guterana).

3.2 Gushiraho kashe ya Cartridge

3.2.1 Mbere yo kwishyiriraho igenzura ryaIkirango cya Cartridge

1. Kugenzura Igice cya Cartridge: Kuraho kashe ya karitsiye mubipfunyika hanyuma urebe niba byangiritse mugihe cyoherezwa. Reba kashe mumaso kugirango ushushanye cyangwa ucye, hanyuma urebe ko ibice byose (amasoko, O-impeta) bidahwitse kandi bihagaze neza.
2. Kugenzura Ubwuzuzanye: Emeza ko kashe ya karitsiye ijyanye nubunini bwibikoresho, inzu yubatswe, hamwe nibisabwa (ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, ubwoko bwamazi) wambukiranya umubare wibice byakozwe nuwabigenewe.
3. Sukura Ikimenyetso cya Cartridge: Ihanagura kashe ya karitsiye hamwe nigitambara kitarimo lint kugirango ukureho umukungugu cyangwa imyanda. Ntugasenye igice cya karitsiye keretse byerekanwe nuwabikoze - gusenya birashobora guhungabanya ibyateganijwe mbere yo guhuza kashe.

3.2.2 Gutegura igiti n'amazu

1. Sukura kandi ugenzure igiti: Kurikiza intambwe zimwe nko mu gice cya 3.1.1 kugirango usukure igiti kandi ugenzure ibyangiritse. Menya neza ko uruzitiro rworoshye kandi rutarangwamo ingese cyangwa ingese.
2. Shyiramo Shaft Sleeve (Niba bikenewe): Ikidodo cya karitsiye gisaba akaboko kihariye. Niba bibaye ngombwa, shyira akaboko kuri shitingi, uyihuze n'inzira (niba ihari), hanyuma uyirinde hamwe n'imigozi yashizweho cyangwa umutobe ufunze. Kenyera ibyuma kubikoresho bya torque.
3. Sukura imyubakire yimyubakire: Sukura bore kugirango ukureho ibisigazwa bishaje cyangwa imyanda. Kugenzura bore kugirango yambare cyangwa idahuye - niba bore yangiritse, gusana cyangwa gusimbuza inzu mbere yo gukomeza.

3.2.3 Gushiraho Ikimenyetso cya Cartridge

1. Shyira Ikimenyetso cya Cartridge: Huza kashe ya karitsiye hamwe na bore yo kubamo. Menya neza ko karitsiye ya karitsiye ihujwe nu mwobo wamazu.
2. Shyira Ikirangantego cya Cartridge Ahantu: Witonze ushireho kashe ya karitsiye mumurongo wamazu, urebe ko ibice bizunguruka (bifatanye nigiti) bigenda byisanzuye. Niba karitsiye ifite igikoresho cyo hagati (urugero, pin pin cyangwa bushing), menya ko ikorana namazu kugirango ikomeze.
3. Kurinda Ikariso ya Cartridge: Shyiramo ibimera byinjira muri karitsiye ya karitsiye no munzu. Fata intoki kugirango ufate karitsiye mu mwanya.
4. Huza Ikirango cya Cartridge: Koresha icyerekezo cyo guhamagara kugirango ugenzure kashe ya karitsiye hamwe nigiti. Gupima imyanda ibice bizunguruka - kwiruka bigomba kuba munsi ya 0,05 mm (0.002 santimetero). Hindura ibimera niba bibaye ngombwa kugirango ukosore nabi.
5. Torque ya Bolt ya Bolt: Kenyera ibimera byimbere muburyo bwa crisscross kugeza kumurongo wabigenewe. Ibi birinda amakarito mu mwanya kandi byemeza ko kashe ihuye neza.
6. Kuraho infashanyo yo kwishyiriraho: Ikidodo kinini cya karitsiye kirimo infashanyo yigihe gito (urugero, gufunga pine, ibifuniko bikingira) kugirango ufate kashe mumwanya mugihe cyo kohereza no kuyishyiraho. Kuraho iyi mfashanyo nyuma yuko karitsiye imaze gutunganyirizwa inzu - kuyikuraho hakiri kare birashobora guhuza isura ya kashe.

3.3 Kwipimisha nyuma yo kwishyiriraho no kwemeza

3.3.1 Ikizamini gihamye

1. Kanda ku bikoresho: Uzuza ibikoresho amazi yatunganijwe (cyangwa amazi yo kwisuzumisha abangikanye, nk'amazi) hanyuma uyashyiremo igitutu gisanzwe. Niba ukoresheje ibizamini byo kwisuzumisha, menya neza ko bihuye nibikoresho bya kashe.
2. Gukurikirana ibimeneka: Kugenzura mu buryo bweruye agace kashe kasohotse. Reba intera iri hagati yisahani ya gland nuburaro, igiti nikizunguruka, hamwe na kashe. Koresha urupapuro rwinjiza kugirango urebe niba utuntu duto duto dushobora kutagaragara ku jisho.
3. Suzuma igipimo cyo kumeneka: Igipimo cyemewe cyo gutemba giterwa nibisabwa hamwe ninganda. Kubikorwa byinshi byinganda, igipimo cyo kumeneka kiri munsi yigitonyanga 5 kumunota biremewe. Niba igipimo cyo kumeneka kirenze imipaka yemewe, funga ibikoresho, ucike intege, kandi ugenzure kashe kugirango idahuye, ibice byangiritse, cyangwa kwishyiriraho nabi.

3.3.2

1. Tangira Ibikoresho: Tangira ibikoresho hanyuma ubemerera kugera kumuvuduko usanzwe wubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe. Kurikirana ibikoresho byurusaku rudasanzwe cyangwa kunyeganyega, bishobora kwerekana kudahuza cyangwa guhambira kashe.
2. Ikurikiranabikorwa Kumeneka: Reba neza ahantu hashyizweho kashe kugirango ibikoresho bikore. Reba kashe ya kashe kugirango ubushyuhe bukabije - ubushyuhe burashobora kwerekana amavuta adahagije cyangwa kudahuza isura ya kashe.
3. Reba Umuvuduko nubushyuhe: Kurikirana umuvuduko wubushyuhe hamwe nubushyuhe kugirango urebe ko biguma mumipaka ikora. Niba igitutu cyangwa ubushyuhe burenze igipimo cyagenwe, funga ibikoresho hanyuma uhindure ibipimo mbere yo gukomeza ikizamini.
4. Koresha ibikoresho mugihe cyibizamini: Koresha ibikoresho mugihe cyibizamini (mubisanzwe iminota 30 kugeza kumasaha 2) kugirango kashe ihagarare. Muri iki gihe, genzura buri gihe niba ibisohoka, urusaku, n'ubushyuhe. Niba nta kumeneka kugaragara kandi ibikoresho bikora neza, gushiraho kashe biragenda neza.

3.3.3 Ivugurura rya nyuma (Niba bikenewe)

• Reba Torque: Menya neza ko bolts zose (isahani ya gland, ibizunguruka, intebe ihagaze) byiziritse kubisobanuro byakozwe nuwabikoze. Bolt irekuye irashobora gutera kudahuza no gutemba.
• Kugenzura Guhuza: Ongera uhuze isura ya kashe na plaque ya gland ukoresheje icyerekezo. Mukosore ibintu byose bidahuye muguhindura ibimera.
• Reba Isura Ikimenyetso: Niba ibimeneka bikomeje, funga ibikoresho, ubitesha umutwe, kandi ukureho kashe kugirango ugenzure mumaso. Niba amasura yangiritse (yashushanyije, acagaguye), uyasimbuze andi mashya.
• Kugenzura Elastomers: Reba O-impeta na gasketi kugirango byangiritse cyangwa bidahuye.