ikirango cya pompeKunanirwa no gusohoka ni imwe mu mpamvu zikunze gutuma pompe idakora neza, kandi ishobora guterwa n'ibintu byinshi. Kugira ngo wirinde gusohoka no guhagarara kw'ipompe, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa ikibazo, kumenya ikibazo, no kwemeza ko ipompe zitazangiza ipompe ndetse n'amafaranga yo kuyisana. Hano, turareba impamvu nyamukuru zituma ipompe zihagarara n'icyo wakora kugira ngo uzirinde.
Ibyuma bifunga pompeni byo bintu by'ingenzi cyane mu ipompo. Ifunze zirinda amazi akoreshwa mu ipompe kuva kandi zigatuma imyanda yose ishobora kwangirika itajyamo.
Zikoreshwa mu gutwara ibintu bitandukanye by’amazi mu nganda nka peteroli na gaze, amashanyarazi, amazi n’amazi mabi, ibiribwa n’ibinyobwa, n’ibindi. Kubera ko zikoreshwa cyane, ni ngombwa ko amazi asohoka amenyekana, kandi hirindwa ko atera imbere.
Ni ngombwa kwemera ko imashini zose zifunga pompe zisohoka; zigomba kubikora, kugira ngo zigumane agahu k'amazi ku ruhande rw'imashini zifunga. Intego y'imashini ni ukugenzura aho amazi ava. Ariko, amazi ava mu buryo bugenzuwe kandi bukabije ashobora kwangiza pompe cyane iyo adakosowe vuba.
Kwangirika kw'ibice bya seal byaba biterwa n'ikosa ryo gushyiraho, kwangirika kw'igishushanyo, kwangirika, kwanduzwa, kwangirika kw'ibice byayo, cyangwa ikosa ridafite aho rihuriye n'ibyo, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ikibazo ku gihe, kugira ngo hamenyekane niba hakenewe gusanwa gushya cyangwa gushyirwaho bundi bushya.
Mu gusobanukirwa impamvu zikunze gutera impanuka zo gufunga pompe, hamwe n'inama zoroshye, ubuyobozi n'igenamigambi, biroroha cyane kwirinda gusohoka kw'amazi mu gihe kizaza. Dore urutonde rw'impamvu zikunze gutera impanuka zo gufunga pompe:
Ikosa ryo gushyiramo
Mu gusuzuma ikibazo cyo gufunga pompe, inzira yo gutangira no gushyiraho pompe muri rusange bigomba kubanza gusuzumwa. Iyi ni yo mpamvu ikunze gutuma pompe inanirwa gukora. Iyo ibikoresho bikwiye bidakoreshejwe, pompe ifite ibyangiritse cyangwa pompe idashyizwe mu cyerekezo gikwiye, pompe izahita yangirika.
Gushyiramo pompe mu buryo butari bwo bishobora guteza ibibazo byinshi, nko kwangirika kwa elastomer. Bitewe n'uko pompe imeze nk'iyoroheje kandi igororotse, ndetse n'umwanda muto cyane, amavuta cyangwa ibikumwe bishobora gutuma isura ihinduka nabi. Iyo isura idahuye, amazi menshi yinjira mu pompe. Iyo ibice binini by'iyo pompe - nka bolts, amavuta yo kwisiga, n'imiterere ya sisitemu yo kuyishyigikira - bitagenzuwe, iyo pompe ntabwo izakora neza kuva aho ishyiriwe.
Impamvu zikunze gutuma ikirango gishyirwaho nabi ni izi zikurikira:
• Kwibagirwa gukaza vis zishyizweho
• Kwangiza amaso y'ikimenyetso
• Gukoresha nabi imiyoboro y'amazi
• Kudakomeza gufunga imigozi y'uturemangingo ku buryo bungana
Iyo bitamenyekanye mbere yo gutangira pompe, ikosa ryo kuyishyiraho rishobora gutuma moteri igwa ndetse n'umugozi uzunguruka, byombi bigatuma igice cy'imbere kigenda gihuza n'ibindi bice byayo. Ibi bizatuma seal inanirwa kandi ubuzima bwayo bugahagarara.
Guhitamo ikimenyetso kitari cyo
Ubumenyi buke mu gihe cyo gushushanya no gushyiraho ikirango ni indi mpamvu ikunze gutuma ikirango kidakora neza, bityo guhitamo ikirango gikwiye ni ingenzi cyane. Hari ibintu byinshi ugomba kuzirikana mu gihe uhitamo ikirango gikwiye cyo gukoresha ipompo, nka:
• Imiterere y'imikorere
• Ibikorwa bitari iby'ingamba zo gutunganya ibintu
• Gusukura
• Guteka umwuka mu mazi
• Aside
• Gushyushya ibisebe bya caustic
• Ubushobozi bwo gukora ingendo zitari iz'imiterere
Ibikoresho bya seal bigomba kuba bihuye n'amazi ari mu pompe, bitabaye ibyo seal ishobora kwangirika bigatuma amazi arenga amazi ava. Urugero rumwe ni uguhitamo seal yo gukoresha amazi ashyushye; amazi arenze 87°C ntashobora gusiga amavuta no gukonjesha amaso, bityo ni ngombwa guhitamo seal ifite ibikoresho bya elastomer bikwiye hamwe n'ibipimo by'imikorere. Iyo seal itari yo ikoreshejwe kandi seal yo gukoresha pompe ikaba yangiritse, ubwumvikane buke hagati y'amaso abiri y'seal buzatuma seal inanirwa.
Kudahuza kwa shimi kw'ikimenyetso akenshi kwirengagizwa iyo uhisemo ibifunga bya pompe. Iyo amazi adahuye n'ikimenyetso, bishobora gutuma ibifunga bya rubber, gaskets, impellers, pompe casings na diffusers bicika, bibyimba, bishonga cyangwa byangirika. Ibifunga akenshi bigomba guhindurwa iyo uhinduye amazi ya hydraulic imbere muri pompe. Bitewe n'amazi ya pompe, ikimenyetso gikozwe mu bikoresho bishya, byihariye gishobora gusabwa kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika. Buri gishushanyo mbonera cy'amazi n'ipompe gifite ibyo gisabwa. Guhitamo ikimenyetso kibi bizatuma habaho ibibazo byihariye byo gukoresha no kwangirika.
Gutemba byumye
Gutemba kwumye biterwa n'uko pompe ikora nta mazi. Iyo ibice by'imbere muri pompe, byishingikiriza ku mazi akoreshwa mu gukonjesha no gusiga amavuta, bihuye n'ubushyuhe bwinshi butagira amavuta ahagije, ubushyuhe buvamo butuma ifunga rinanirwa. Inshuro nyinshi umuyaga utemba utemba ubaho iyo pompe yongeye gutangira gukora nyuma yo kuyitunganya hatabayeho kugenzura ko pompe yuzuye amazi.
Iyo pompe yumye kandi ubushyuhe bukazamuka birenze ubushobozi bwa pompe, pompe ishobora kwangirika bidasubirwaho. Pompe ishobora gushya cyangwa gushonga, bigatuma amazi ava. Amasegonda make gusa yumye ashobora gutera ubushyuhe gucika cyangwa udusebe ku pompe, bigatuma pompe ivamo.
Mu bihe bikomeye cyane, iyo agapfundikizo ka mashini gahuye n'ihungabana ry'ubushyuhe, gashobora kwangirika mu masegonda 30 cyangwa munsi yabyo. Kugira ngo wirinde ko ubwo bwoko bw'ibyangiritse, reba agapfundikizo ka pompe; niba agapfundikizo kamaze kuzura, isura ya gapfundikizo izaba umweru.
Imitingito
Pompe zigenda kandi zigahinda. Ariko, iyo pompe idahuje neza, imitingito y'imashini irazamuka kugeza aho yangiritse. Imitingito y'ipompo ishobora kandi guterwa no gushyira pompe mu buryo butari bwo no kuyikoresha kure cyane ibumoso cyangwa iburyo bwa pompe yitwa Best Efficiency Point (BEP). Imitingito myinshi ituma igiti kinini gikinwa n'umurambararo, bigatera imitingito idahuye neza, ndetse n'amazi menshi asohoka binyuze mu gipfundikizo.
Guhindagurika kw'amazi bishobora kandi guterwa no gushyushya cyane; agapfunyika ka mashini gashingira ku gapfunyika gato k'amavuta hagati y'amaso afunga, kandi guhindagurika cyane bibuza ikorwa ry'uru rwego rwo gushyushya. Niba pompe ikeneye gukora mu bihe bikomeye, nko ku mashini zisohora amazi, agapfunyika kakoreshejwe kagomba kuba gashoboye guhangana n'imitsi iri hejuru y'ikigereranyo cy'imitsi n'imitsi. Ni ngombwa kandi kumenya BEP ya pompe, no kugenzura ko pompe idakomeye cyangwa iri munsi ya BEP yayo. Ibi bishobora guteza ubwinshi bw'ibyangiritse birenze uko agapfunyika kava.
Kwambara amabeteri
Uko umugozi w'ipompo uzenguruka, imigozi izasaza bitewe no gukururana. Imigozi yashaje izatuma umugozi uzunguruka, ibyo bigatuma habaho gutigita kwangiza, nk'uko twabiganiriyeho.
Ukwangirika birashoboka ko bibaho mu buryo busanzwe mu gihe cy'ubuzima bwa seal. Ukwangirika bisanzwe bigenda bishira uko igihe kigenda gihita, nubwo ubwandu akenshi butuma ubusaza bwihuta kandi bukagabanya igihe cyo kubaho. Ubu bwandu bushobora kubaho mu buryo bwo gushyigikira seal cyangwa imbere mu ipompo. Hari amazi meza yo kubika umwanda mu ipompo. Niba nta yindi mpamvu itera kwangirika kw'iseal, tekereza guhindura amazi kugira ngo wongere igihe cyo kubaho kwa seal. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, bearing nziza cyane ntizishobora kwangirika bitewe n'umuvuduko w'umutwaro, bityo ni ngombwa kugabanya ubwoko bw'imikoranire y'icyuma n'icyuma ishobora gutera ubwandu bufatika.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-17-2023