Impamvu 7 z'ingenzi zitera ibibazo byo kuvogera imashini zikoresha pompe ya centrifugal

Impamvu gusohora kw'ibipfundikizo bya mekanike ari ingenzi

Imikorere yizewe ya sisitemu zo gutunganya amazi mu nganda ishingira cyane ku buziranenge bw'imashini ifunga imashini ikoresha pompe ya centrifugal. Iyo izi mashini zinaniwe, ingaruka ntizigarukira gusa ku gutakaza amazi, zirimo ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije, igihe kitateganijwe cyo gukora, n'ingaruka zikomeye ku mutekano. Inyigo zishingiye ku kudahemuka kw'inganda zigaragaza kogucika intege kw'imashini zifungaBifite hafi 69% by'intege nke zose za pompe zikoresha centrifugal, bigatuma ubuziranenge bw'ibifunga biba ingenzi mu kunoza igihe hagati y'intege nke (MTBF). Gusobanukirwa impamvu nyamukuru zitera ihungabana ry'ibifunga ni ingenzi ku bahanga mu by'ubuziranenge n'abahanga mu by'ukuri bagamije kongera igihe cy'ubuzima bw'umutungo no kugabanya amafaranga akoreshwa mu bikorwa.

Gukemura izi mpamvu z'ibanze bisaba gusobanukirwa by'ibanze uburyoimikorere y'imashini yo gufunga pompe ya centrifugalmu bihe bihinduka. Ikimenyetso si uruzitiro rudahinduka ahubwo ni igikoresho gikozwe mu buryo bwa kinyabutabire gikoresha imbaraga nyinshi zishingiye ku mbaraga za mekanike, imbaraga z'amazi, na thermodynamics.

Ikibarwa nk'aho ari ukuva kw'ibifunga bya mekanike

Kugira ngo umuntu amenye neza ibibazo, agomba kubanza gusobanukirwa icyo uburyo bwo gusohora amazi mu cyuma gikoresha pompe ya centrifugal. Icyuma gikoresha icyuma gifata amazi mu buryo bwa microscopic hagati y’isura izenguruka n’isura ihagaze. Iki cyuma gikoresha amazi, gisanzwe gifite ubunini bwa santimetero 1.27 kugeza 3.81, gitanga amavuta n’ubukonje bw’ingenzi. Uko amazi agenda mu maso y’icyuma gifata amazi kuva ku ruhande rw’amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi kugera ku ruhande rw’umwuka ufite umuvuduko muto, gihita kigabanuka kandi akenshi kikaba gihinduka, kikavamo umwuka mbere yuko kivaho.

Kubera uku kwimuka kw'amazi mu buryo buhoraho, imyenge yose ya mekanike irasohoka mu buryo bwa tekiniki; icyakora, mu imyenge ikora neza, uku 'kumeneka' akenshi ni umwuka utagaragara. Kumeneka kw'amazi bigaragara bibaho iyo ubugari bw'imyenge y'amazi burenze ibipimo by'imiterere, bigatuma amazi anyuramo adahumeka, cyangwa iyo isura y'imyenge yangiritse ku buryo bufatika, bigatuma habaho inzira y'amazi isohoka. Impinduka kuva ku isohoka ry'umwuka kugeza ku ikorwa ry'ibitonyanga by'amazi bigaragara bigaragaza umupaka uri hagati y'imikorere isanzwe n'ikibazo cy'imyenge igenda ikura.

Ibimenyetso byemewe byo kuzana amazi ugereranije n'ibimenyetso byo gutsindwa

Gutandukanya ibimenyetso byemewe byo kurira no gutsindwa ni ubuhanga bw'ingenzi bwo gusuzuma. Igipimo cyemewe cyo gusohoka kiratandukanye cyane bitewe n'imiterere y'igipfundikizo, ibikoresho byo ku ruhande, umurambararo w'umugozi, umuvuduko wo kuzenguruka, n'uburemere n'umuvuduko w'umwuka by'amazi asukuwe. Ku mazi menshi yoroheje ya hydrocarbon n'amazi akoreshwa mu bushyuhe bwinshi, nta gusohoka kugaragara biba byitezwe kuko amazi ahinduka umwuka. Ku rundi ruhande, ku mavuta akomeye yo kwisiga, igipimo cyemewe cyo gusohoka gishobora kubarwa hagati ya 2 na 60 ku munota.

Iyo amazi arenze ibyo yari yitezweho mbere, cyangwa iyo imiterere y'amazi ahindutse mu buryo butunguranye, bigaragaza ko hari aho amazi apfutse cyangwa ibintu bya kabiri bifunga. Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo igaragaza itandukaniro riri hagati y'ihindagurika ry'amazi n'ibimenyetso by'uko amazi yananiwe gukora neza.

Impamvu zo gushyiraho no guhuza

Ndetse n'icyuma gifunga imashini cya centrifugal cyakozwe neza cyane kizapfa vuba iyo gishyizwe mu buryo butari bwo cyangwa kidahuye neza n'uburyo gikoreshwa. Guhindura kuva ku guteranya static kugera ku gukora dynamic bisaba gukurikiza cyane ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira imiterere y'ikirere. Iyo ubwo buryo bwo kwihanganira burenze urugero, amaso y'icyuma ntashobora kugumana uburyo buhuye n'ubukenewe kugira ngo filime y'amazi ihamye ikore neza, bigatuma habaho gukoranaho, kwangirika vuba no gusohoka vuba.

Inganda zikora pompe naifunga rya OEMsgaragaza ibisabwa neza bigomba kwemezwa mbere no mu gihe cyo gushyiraho. Kwirengagiza ibi bisabwa mu buryo bw'imiterere y'ikirere ni imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zitera impfu z'abana mu byuma bifunga, akenshi bigatera amazi menshi mu masaha 48 ya mbere y'igikorwa.

Gushyiraho ikirango nabi

Gushyiraho agakingirizo nabi bikubiyemo amakosa menshi yo mu buryo bwo gukora mu gihe cyo guteranya pompe. Kimwe mu bipimo by'ingenzi ni uburebure bw'imikorere y'agakingirizo. Iyo agakingirizo gashyizwe nabi ku giti,amasoko cyangwa imigezintabwo bizatanga imbaraga zo gufunga zikwiye. Gutandukanya uburebure bwa +/- 0.38 mm uvuye ku burebure bwagenwe bw'akazi bishobora gutuma igitutu cyo mu maso kidahagije, bigatuma agace k'amazi gafunguka mu maso, cyangwa igitutu kirenze urugero, bigasenya agace k'amazi kandi bigatera ubushyuhe bwinshi.

Byongeye kandi, gukoresha nabi ibice by'icyuma gifunga akenshi byangiza ubuziranenge mbere yuko pompe itangira. Gukora ku maso y'icyuma gifunga hakoreshejwe intoki zambaye ubusa byohereza amavuta n'uduce duto, bigahungabanya ubugari bwa microscopic bukenewe mu gufunga. Kudakomeza gufunga neza vis zo mu ijosi ry'imodoka bishobora gutuma igice gisimburana kibura, mu gihe gukanda cyangwa kuzunguza impeta za O-rings mu gihe cyo gushyira ku bitugu by'umugozi bihita bisohora inzira zihita zisohoka ku gipfuko.

Kutagena neza, Gukoresha imiyoboro, n'ikirenge cyoroshye

Guhuza ibyuma birenga ibice by'imbere bya pompe bijya ku mashini yose ikoresha pompe n'imashini iyobora moteri. Guhuza ibyuma hagati ya pompe n'imirongo ya moteri bitanga imbaraga zikomeye za radial na axial zoherezwa mu buryo butaziguye ku gipfundikizo cya pompe. Nubwo imiyoboro yoroshye ishobora kwakira imiterere mito, ntibikuraho imbaraga zijya mu gipfundikizo cya pompe. Amabwiriza y'inganda ategeka ko amashanyarazi anyura mu gipfundikizo atagomba kurenza santimetero 0.002 ku buso bwa pompe.

Uretse kuba umugozi utaringaniye neza, imiyoboro y'amazi n'imiterere y'ibirenge byoroshye bihindura cyane agasanduku k'ipompo. Iyo imiyoboro iremereye ihujwe n'udupira tw'ipompo nta nkunga ikwiye, agasanduku karazunguruka, gashyira agace k'umugozi gahagaze ugereranije n'umugozi uzenguruka. Uku kuzunguruka kw'impande gutuma amaso y'umugozi afunguka kandi agafunga gato buri gihe, ikintu kizwi nka 'gukurikirana isura'. Ku muvuduko usanzwe wa moteri nka 3.600 RPM, amaso y'umugozi ntashobora gusubiza vuba bihagije ngo akomeze gufunga, bigatera kuva amazi menshi. Gukurikirana ukuzunguruka akenshi bishobora kubona ibi bibazo, aho imipaka yemewe y'ukuzunguruka ikunze kuba munsi ya santimetero 0.15 ku isegonda RMS ku mapompo meza ya centrifugal.

Impamvu zituma imikorere y'umuntu igenda neza

Imiterere y'imikorere iri mu gasanduku k'ipompe ni yo igena mu buryo butaziguye igihe ipompe ipfundikiye ikora. Ihindagurika ry'imikorere, ihindagurika ry'imikorere, no gutandukana n'imiterere y'amazi ya pompe bitera ibintu bibi bishobora kwangiza isura y'ipompe na elastomer ya kabiri. Ipompe ipfundikiye ikoresha amazi cyangwa ifumbire yo hanze kugira ngo ikonje kandi igire amavuta; bityo rero, kudahindagurika kw'imiterere y'amazi ntibishobora kuganirwaho.

Gukoresha pompe ikoresha centrifugal hanze y’ibipimo byayo byagenwe bituma icyuma gifunga kiyinjizamo imbaraga z’amazi adahindagurika. Kumenya no kugabanya imiterere mibi y’imikorere ni ingenzi mu gukumira amazi adasohoka vuba.

Gutemba kw'amazi no gusiga amavuta nabi

Gukoresha amazi yumye ni cyo kintu cyangiza cyane imashini ifunga imashini ikoresha centrifugal. Iyo imashini itakaje imbaraga zayo, cyangwa iyo amazi asohoka ahagaze, imashini ifunga ibura icyuma cyayo gisukura. Iyo idakoresheje amavuta, ingano y'amazi azenguruka n'ahagaze irazamuka cyane, bigatuma ubushyuhe buhita butangira. Ubushyuhe busanzwe ku mashini ifunga bushobora kurenga dogere selisiyusi 204 mu masegonda make nyuma y'uko amazi yumye.

Uku kwiyongera gutunguranye k'ubushyuhe bituma amaso y'urushundura yaguka mu buryo butangana, bigatera ubushyuhe bukabije no 'gusuzuma ubushyuhe'—urusobe rw'imiyoboro mito cyane ikwirakwira ku maso y'urushundura. Iyo habayeho kugenzura ubushyuhe, amaso y'urushundura akora nk'ibikoresho byo gukata, bigasenya vuba kandi bigatera amazi menshi iyo amazi yongeye gusubizwamo. Kugumana umutwe uhagije wo gukurura Net Positive Suction Head (NPSHa) kugira ngo urenze urugero rusabwa (NPSHr) ku rugero rwiza ni ingenzi mu gukumira ko urushundura runyura no kuma ku maso y'urushundura.

Uruziga rudahuje n'imiterere, guhindagurika kw'ikirere, n'ubushyuhe

Gukoresha pompe ikoresha centrifugal kure cyane y’aho ikorera neza (BEP) bitera kudahuzagurika gukomeye kw’amazi. Iyo pompe ikora munsi ya 60% bya BEP yayo cyangwa hafi y’aho igeze, umuvuduko w’imbere uzenguruka impeller uba utaringaniye cyane. Uku kudahuza neza kubyara imizigo minini cyane itera imirasire iyobora icyuma cya pompe. Guhuza icyuma bihindura imiterere y’imikorere y’icyuma gifunga, bikabuza isura kuguma iringaniye kandi igororotse.

Mu buryo nk'ubwo, gukora ahantu hadakoreshejwe (kure iburyo bwa BEP) bishobora gutera gucika kw'amazi. Guturika kw'udupira tw'umwuka mu gihe cyo gucika kw'amazi bitanga imiraba y'ingufu nyinshi kandi ifite amplitude nyinshi inyura mu mugozi w'ipompo. Uku gucika kw'amazi gushobora gusenya isura y'ipfundo ry'amazi, nka silicon carbide cyangwa tungsten carbide, no gukuraho impeta za O-rings. Byongeye kandi, impinduka zihuse mu bushyuhe bw'amazi zitera gucika kw'amazi, bishobora gufunga ibice no kwangiza icyuho gikenewe kugira ngo hagenzurwe gusohoka kw'amazi.

Ibibazo byo guhitamo ibikoresho n'ibirango

Uburyo bwo gushyiraho pompe ya centrifugal mechanical seal bukubiyemo ibyemezo bigoye by’ubuhanga bijyanye n’ibyuma, guhuza isura, elastomer zo gufunga za kabiri, n’uburyo bwo kugenzura ibidukikije. Kutahuza ibikoresho byo gufunga n’amazi yo mu nzira bihora bitera kwangirika kw’ibinyabutabire, kwangirika cyane, ndetse amaherezo, no kuva amazi. Guhitamo neza ibikoresho n’igishushanyo mbonera cy’igipfundikizo bisaba gusobanukirwa neza imiterere y’ibinyabutabire by’ibinyabutabire by’ibinyabutabire, pH, ubukana, n’ibikubiye mu gipfundikizo.

Kwishingikiriza ku miterere isanzwe y’ibifunga bidakoreshwa mu buryo bukabije cyangwa budasanzwe mu gukoresha imiti ikoreshwa mu buryo bukabije ni intandaro ikunze gutera kwangirika kw’ibifunga bidakora. Abahanga mu by’ubwubatsi bagomba gukoresha uburyo burambuye bwo guhuza ibintu n’ibipimo ngenderwaho by’inganda, nka API 682, kugira ngo barebe ko ibifunga bikora neza.

Amasura Atajyanye, Elastome, n'Amazi

Isura z'umusemburo zidahuye n'iz'imiti zigaragaza uburyo bw'ibanze bwo gucika intege mu gutunganya imiti. Niba ibintu bya kabiri byo gufunga (O-rings, V-rings, cyangwa gaskets) bidahuye n'amazi akoreshwa, bishobora kubyimba, gushonga, cyangwa gucika intege. Urugero, gukoresha Nitrile O-rings zisanzwe mu gusukamo ibintu bishyushye cyane bizatuma habaho kubyimba no gusohora amazi vuba, bigatera kuva amazi ako kanya. Imipaka y'ubushyuhe bwa Elastomer nayo igomba kubahirizwa cyane; mu gihe Viton (FKM) ikwiriye ubushyuhe bugera kuri 400°F (204°C), gukoresha ibirenze iki gipimo akenshi bisaba Perfluoroelastomers (FFKM) nka Kalrez, ishobora kwihanganira kugeza kuri 600°F (316°C).

Guhitamo ibikoresho byo mu maso na byo ni ingenzi cyane. Gutera imisatsi isanzwe ya karuboni-grafiti bizatuma irushaho gukaraba no kwangirika. Mu gukoresha imisatsi isanzwe, imisatsi isanzwe ya karuboni, nka Silicon Carbide na Silicon Carbide, ni ngombwa kugira ngo irwanye isuri. Ingano y'ibikoresho bisanzwe iragaragazwa hano hepfo.

Ibyuma by'imashini bikoreshwa mu buryo bumwe cyangwa bubiri

Icyemezo cyo gukoresha uburyo bumwe cyangwa bubiri bwo gufunga ibintu (two) bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku kugenzura amazi asohoka no kubahiriza amategeko agenga ibidukikije.ikimenyetso kimwe cya mekanikeikoresha gusa ibikoresho byapompewe kugira ngo igire amavuta kandi mu by’ukuri isohora urwego runaka rw’umwuka mu kirere. Nubwo ikwiriye ibinyobwa bidahumanya nk’amazi cyangwa imiti yoroheje, ifunze rimwe ntirihagije ku bintu by’uburozi, bishobora gushya cyangwa biteje akaga (VOCs).

Ifunze ebyiri zifite imashini ebyiri zitandukanye kandi zikoresha ifunze rya kabiri cyangwa ifunze ry’umugozi. Mu buryo bw’ifunze ebyiri zifite umuvuduko wa psi 15 kugeza 30 urenze umuvuduko w’agasanduku k’ipompe. Ibi byemeza ko amazi yose yinjira imbere mu mpande z’ifunze agizwe n’amazi meza y’umugozi yinjira mu nzira, aho kugira ngo amazi y’umugozi asohoke mu kirere. Kudasobanura ifunze ebyiri ku nshingano zishobora guteza akaga ni ikibazo gikomeye cyo kubahiriza amategeko n’umutekano.

Ibibazo byo Guhitamo Gahunda yo Gukoresha Imashini

Ndetse n'udupfundikizo twakozwe neza dukenera uburyo bukwiye bwo kugenzura ibidukikije, buzwi nka API piping plan cyangwa seal flush plan. Izi plan zigenewe kugenzura ibidukikije bikikije agapfundikizo binyuze mu kugenzura ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, n'isuku y'amazi. Impamvu nyamukuru itera amazi gusohoka ni ugukoresha nabi cyangwa ingano idahagije y'izi plan zo gusohora amazi.

Urugero, gukoresha Gahunda ya API 11 (gusubiramo amazi kuva ku ipompe isohoka kugera ku ifunga) ntacyo bitanga niba itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko ridahagije kugira ngo ritume amazi atemba neza. Ubusanzwe, umuvuduko w'amazi uva kuri galoni 2 kugeza kuri 5 ku munota (GPM) urakenewe kugira ngo ubushyuhe buturuka ku maso y'ifunga bukureho. Iyo hakoreshejwe Gahunda ya 32 (isuku yo hanze), amazi yo hanze agomba gukurikiranwa neza; guhagarika gutanga kwa Gahunda ya 32 ako kanya bituma ifunga rya centrifugal pump ritagenda neza, bigatuma inanirwa vuba.

Gusuzuma no Kwirinda

Guhindura kuva ku kuzimya umuriro ukoresheje uburyo bwo kwirinda impanuka kugeza ku buryo bwo kwirinda impanuka bisaba uburyo bwo gusuzuma no gukumira amazi y’imashini zikoresha pompe zikoresha centrifugal. Mu gusesengura imashini zikoresha uburyo bwo kuzimya umuriro no gushyira mu bikorwa igenzura rikomeye ry’imiterere y’imashini, inganda zishobora kumenya uburyo bwihariye bwo kuzimya umuriro no gushakisha ibisubizo byihariye. Intego ni ukongera igihe hagati yo kuzimya umuriro (MTBF), aho imashini zikoresha API 682 zigezweho ziteganijwe kugera ku gihe cya MTBF kirenze amezi 36 mu gihe cy’ibihe byiza.

Gusuzuma neza bishingiye ku guhuza amakuru ajyanye n'imikorere, kugenzura ibice byangiritse mu maso, no kwiyemeza gukomeza kunoza binyuze mu ngamba zo gukumira no kubungabunga indwara.

Gukemura ikibazo cy'imvura iva mu byuma bikoresha ikoranabuhanga

Gukemura ikibazo cy’ihindagurika ry’imashini zifunga bitangirana n’isuzuma ry’ibice byangiritse by’imashini. Imiterere y’ihindagurika ry’imashini zifunga ku maso y’ibanze itanga amateka y’imiterere y’imikorere mbere y’ihindagurika. Urugero, umuyoboro muremure kandi ugororotse ku maso akomeye ugaragaza uduce duto two mu ifoto y’amazi. Ku rundi ruhande, inzira yangiritse iruta iy’impande zihanganye igaragaza ko imirasire y’amazi yangiritse cyangwa ko icyuma cyangiritse.

Ubushyuhe butuma habaho ibimenyetso byihariye, nko kuzura kwa karuboni, aho karuboni zinjira mu mwenge w’isura ya karuboni zigakura vuba bitewe n’ubushyuhe, zigasohora uduce duto tw’ibintu. 'Gushyira' ku maso hapfundikiye—aho gukorana biba gusa ku murambararo w’imbere cyangwa uw’inyuma—byerekana ko umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi uhindagurika cyangwa ubushyuhe buhindagurika. Mu kwandika neza ibi bimenyetso no kubihuza n’amakuru ya SCADA (nk’igabanuka ry’umuvuduko ritunguranye cyangwa kwiyongera k’ubushyuhe), abahanga mu by’ukuri bashobora kumenya impamvu nyayo y’isohoka ry’amazi.

Ibyemezo byo gusana, kuvugurura, cyangwa kuvugurura

Iyo impamvu nyamukuru imaze kumenyekana, abakora bahura n'icyemezo gikomeye kijyanye no gusana, kongera kuyitunganya, cyangwa kuyivugurura. Gusana bisanzwe, birimo gushyira isura y'urupapuro rw'umukara mu buryo butambitse kugeza ku migozi ibiri kugeza kuri itatu ya helium (hafi santimetero 0.00003) no gusimbuza elastomer, birahendutse ku rupapuro rw'umukara rwageze ku musozo warwo karemano. Ariko, niba urupapuro rw'umukara rurwaye indwara idakira kandi itarakira, gusana gusa bizasubiza isaha ku rundi ruhande.

Mu gihe habayeho ikibazo gikomeye, kuvugurura imiterere y’imashini ikoresha pompe ya centrifugal ni cyo gisubizo cyiza mu gihe kirekire. Guhindura imashini kuva ku gice cy’imashini ikoresha ikoranabuhanga kugeza ku gice cy’imashini bigabanya cyane amakosa yo gushyiraho na MTTR (Mean Time To Repair). Ku bikorwa bisaba imbaraga nyinshi, kuvugurura imashini zikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryazo, nko gukoresha gazi idakora cyangwa gukoresha imiterere y’isura igezweho (nk’imiyoboro ya hydrodynamic ikoresha laser), bishobora gukuraho burundu ibibazo byo gusohoka kw’amazi, mu gihe amafaranga akoreshwa mu imari ajyanye n’ingenzi z’umutungo.

Uburyo bwiza bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije

Gukomeza kubungabunga ni bwo buryo bwo kwirinda gusohora amazi mu buryo bwa mekanike. Ibi bikubiyemo gushyiraho no gushyira mu bikorwa amabahasha akomeye yo gukora kuri buri pompe ikoresha centrifugal. Ikoranabuhanga rigena uko ibintu bihinduka rigira uruhare runini hano; kugenzura ibintu mu buryo buhoraho bishobora kumenya ubusaza bw'inkoni n'impinduka mu gice cy'imbere mbere yuko bitera ibibazo byo gukurikirana isura y'inkoni. Thermografiya ishobora kugaragaza ubushyuhe busanzwe bukikije insinga ikoreshwa mu gufunga, bigaragaza ko hari ikibazo cyo gutakaza amazi cyangwa ko hari imiterere y'amazi yumye.

Byongeye kandi, amahugurwa y’abakoresha ni inkingi ikomeye mu kubungabunga umutekano. Abakoresha bagomba gutozwa gutanga imyobo ihumeka neza no gushyira pompe imbere mbere yo gutangira, kumenya urusaku rw’aho imashini itemba, no kwirinda gukoresha valves zikoresha pompe. Mu guhuza uburyo bwo kugenzura imiterere y’imashini n’uburyo bwo kuyikoresha mu buryo buhamye, inganda zishobora gucunga neza ibidukikije, bityo zikongera ubwizerwe n’igihe cy’imikorere y’imashini zazo zikoresha pompe zikoresha centrifugal.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Fata amazi asohoka nk'ikimenyetso cy'uburiganya, kuko agakoresho gakora neza gatuma amazi asohoka neza gasohora agakoresho gasukura ka mikorosikopi cyangwa umwuka utagaragara.
• Banza urebe imiterere y'imikorere, kuko imiyoboro yumye, gupfuka, ubushyuhe bukabije, no gushyuha bishobora kwangiza amaso y'ipfundo nubwo ipfundo ryashyizwemo neza.
• Genzura imiterere y'aho ibintu bihurira, kuzunguruka, imiterere y'amabati, n'imiterere y'agasanduku k'umugozi mbere yo gusimbuza agafunga, kuko kudakomera k'ikoranabuhanga akenshi bituma amazi asubira gucika.
• Huza ibikoresho byo ku ruhande rw'umupfundikizo, elastomer, n'imiterere y'umupfundikizo ukoresheje amazi, ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, n'ibikomeye byapompewe kugira ngo wirinde ko imiti yangiza cyangwa kwangirika imburagihe.
• Koresha uburyo bwo gusukura amazi cyangwa ubw'imiyoboro aho bikenewe, kuko umwanda n'ubukonje buke bishobora gufungura amaso y'aho amazi afungiye bigahita bisohora amazi vuba.
• Andika ibiteganijwe ko amazi asohoka muri buri serivisi yo kuvoma kugira ngo amatsinda ashinzwe kubungabunga ashobore gutandukanya ibimenyetso byemewe byo kurira n'ibimenyetso byo kwangirika hakiri kare.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Kuki pompe ya centrifugal ifunga imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi zisohoka?

Akenshi biva kuko amaso y’ikimenyetso atakaza icyuma cyacyo gihoraho cya mikorosikopi. Impamvu zikunze kugaragara ni ugutembera kw’amazi yumye, kugorama, kunyeganyega, gupfuka imiyoboro, guhitamo nabi ikimenyetso, gushyiramo nabi, kwandura, n’umuvuduko ukabije cyangwa ubushyuhe.

Ese amazi make yo gufunga mu buryo bwa mekanike ni ibisanzwe?

Yego. Ibyuma byose bifunganye bifasha amazi kugenda make kugira ngo agire amavuta n'ubukonje. Mu ibyuma bifunganye neza, akenshi biba ari umwuka utagaragara. Gutonyanga, gutera, cyangwa kwiyongera gutunguranye kw'amazi akenshi bigaragaza ko hari ikibazo gikomeye.

Ni ikihe gipimo cyemewe cyo gusohora amazi mu buryo bwa mekanike?

Biterwa n'ubwoko bw'amazi, imiterere y'igipfundikizo, umuvuduko, umuvuduko, n'ibikoresho. Serivisi zimwe na zimwe zitegereza ko nta gusohoka kugaragara kugaragara, mu gihe amavuta menshi ashobora gutuma amazi agwa make. Gusohoka hanze y'ibipimo by'umutanga igipfundikizo cyangwa umucuruzi w'igipfundikizo bigomba gukorwaho iperereza.

Ese icyuma cyumye gishobora kwangiza imashini ifunga imashini ikoresha pompe ya centrifugal?

Yego. Gutemba byumye bikuraho agace gashyira amavuta hagati y’amaso afunze, bigatera ubushyuhe kwiyongera, kwangirika mu maso, kwangirika kwa elastomer, no kuva amazi. Pompe zigomba kuba zikozwe neza, zigashyirwamo umwuka, kandi zigakingirwa n’ibikoresho bikwiye.

Ni gute gutigita bigira ingaruka ku buzima bw'imashini zifunga?

Gutigita cyane bibangamira imiterere y’isura y’urupapuro kandi bishobora kwangiza amasoko, amaso, impeta za O, na bearing. Akenshi bifitanye isano no gucika intege, kutagera ku murongo, kudahuza neza, bearing zashaje, cyangwa gukora kure y’aho pompe ikora neza.