pompe numwe mubakoresha cyane kashe ya mashini.Nkuko izina ribigaragaza, kashe ya mashini ni ubwoko bwikimenyetso, gitandukanijwe na aerodynamic cyangwa labyrint idahuza kashe.Ikidodo c'imashininazo zirangwa nkikimenyetso kiringaniye kashe cyangwaIkidodo kiringaniye.Ibi bivuga ijanisha rya, niba rihari, igitutu cyibikorwa gishobora kuzenguruka inyuma yikimenyetso gihagaze.Niba isura yikidodo idasunitswe mumaso izunguruka (nko mubidodo byubwoko bwa pusher) cyangwa gutembera mumazi kumuvuduko ugomba gufungwa ntibyemewe kunyura inyuma yikimenyetso, igitutu cyibikorwa byatera kashe mumaso inyuma. hanyuma ukingure.Igishushanyo mbonera gikeneye gusuzuma uburyo bwose bwo gukora kugirango ushushanye kashe hamwe ningufu zisabwa zo gufunga ariko ntabwo ari imbaraga nyinshi kuburyo igice cyapakiye kashe ya dinamike itera ubushyuhe bwinshi no kwambara.Nuburinganire bworoshye butuma cyangwa buvunika pompe kwizerwa.
kashe ya dinamike mumaso mugushoboza imbaraga zo gufungura kuruta inzira isanzwe ya
kuringaniza imbaraga zo gusoza, nkuko byasobanuwe haruguru.Ntabwo ikuraho imbaraga zisabwa zo gufunga ahubwo iha uwashizeho pompe nuyikoresha irindi pfundo kugirango ahindukire yemerera uburemere cyangwa gupakurura mumaso ya kashe, mugihe agumana imbaraga zikenewe zo gufunga, bityo bikagabanya ubushyuhe no kwambara mugihe wagura ibikorwa bishoboka.
Ikidodo cyumye (DGS), bikunze gukoreshwa muri compressor, tanga imbaraga zo gufungura mumaso ya kashe.Izi mbaraga zashizweho nihame ryo gutwara indege, aho imiyoboro myiza yo kuvoma ifasha gushishikariza gaze kuva kumuvuduko ukabije wuruhande rwa kashe, mukuziba no hakurya yikimenyetso nka firime idafite amazi.
Indege ya aerodinamike ifungura imbaraga zumye ya gaze yumye.Umusozi wumurongo uhagarariye gukomera ku cyuho.Menya ko icyuho kiri muri microns.
Ikintu kimwe kibaho mumavuta ya hydrodynamic yunganira ibintu byinshi binini bya centrifugal compressor na pomp rotor kandi bigaragara mumashanyarazi ya rotor dinamike eccentricity yerekanwa na Bently Izi ngaruka zitanga ihagarikwa ryinyuma kandi nikintu cyingenzi mugutsinda amavuta ya hydrodynamic na DGS .Ikidodo cya mashini ntigifite imiyoboro myiza yo kuvoma ishobora kuboneka mumaso ya DGS yindege.Hashobora kubaho uburyo bwo gukoresha gazi yo hanze itwara amahame yo gutwara uburemere bwo gufunga imbaraga ziva kurikashe ya mashinis.
Ibibanza byujuje ubuziranenge bwa firime-yerekana ibipimo hamwe nikigereranyo cya eccentricity.Kwinangira, K, no gusibanganya, D, byibuze iyo ikinyamakuru kiri hagati yikimenyetso.Mugihe ikinyamakuru cyegereye hejuru yikigero, gukomera no kugabanuka byiyongera cyane.
Imyuka ya gaze ya aerostatike ituruka hanze ikoresha isoko ya gaze yotswa igitutu, mugihe ibyuma bifata imbaraga bikoresha umuvuduko ugereranije hagati yubutaka kugirango habeho umuvuduko wicyuho.Tekinoroji ikanda hanze ifite byibura inyungu ebyiri zingenzi.Ubwa mbere, gaze yotswa igitutu irashobora guterwa hagati yikimenyetso cya kashe muburyo bugenzurwa aho gushishikariza gaze icyuho cya kashe hamwe na pompe zidakabije zisaba kugenda.Ibi bifasha gutandukanya kashe mumaso mbere yo kuzunguruka gutangira.Nubwo amasura yaba afatanye hamwe, azakingura kugirango zeru zeru itangire kandi ihagarare mugihe igitutu cyatewe hagati yabo.Byongeye kandi, niba kashe irimo gushyuha, birashoboka hamwe nigitutu cyo hanze kugirango wongere umuvuduko mumaso yikimenyetso.Icyuho noneho cyiyongera ugereranije nigitutu, ariko ubushyuhe buva mukogosha bwagwa kumikorere ya cube.Ibi biha umukoresha ubushobozi bushya bwo guhangana nubushyuhe.
Hariho akandi karusho muri compressor muburyo nta gutembera mumaso nkuko biri muri DGS.Ahubwo, umuvuduko mwinshi uri hagati yikimenyetso, kandi umuvuduko wo hanze uzatemba mukirere cyangwa uhindukire muruhande rumwe no muri compressor kuva kurundi ruhande.Ibi byongera ubwizerwe mukurinda inzira icyuho.Muri pompe ibi ntibishobora kuba akarusho kuko birashobora kutifuzwa guhatira gaze igabanuka muri pompe.Imyuka ishobora kugabanuka imbere ya pompe irashobora gutera cavitation cyangwa ibibazo byinyundo.Byaba bishimishije, nubwo, kugira kashe idahuza cyangwa idafite ubuvanganzo bwa pompe nta mbogamizi ya gazi yinjira mubikorwa bya pompe.Birashoboka ko gaze ifite ingufu ziva hanze zifite zeru zeru?
Indishyi
Byose byotswa igitutu hanze bifite indishyi.Indishyi nuburyo bwo kubuza gufata igitutu inyuma.Uburyo busanzwe bwindishyi nugukoresha orifices, ariko hariho na groove, intambwe hamwe nubuhanga bwindishyi.Indishyi zifasha kwifata cyangwa kashe yo gufunga hafi hamwe idakoraho, kuko uko begera, niko umuvuduko wa gaze hagati yabo ugenda wiyongera, bikanga isura itandukanye.
Nkurugero, munsi ya orifice iringaniye yishyuye gaze (Ishusho 3), impuzandengo
igitutu mu cyuho kizanganya umutwaro wose ku cyerekezo kigabanijwe nu gice cyo mu maso, iyi ni imitwaro.Niba iyi soko ya gazi itanga ibiro 60 kuri santimetero kare (psi) kandi mu maso hafite santimetero kare 10 z'ubuso kandi hari ibiro 300 by'imizigo, hazaba impuzandengo ya psi 30 mu cyuho.Mubisanzwe, icyuho cyaba kingana na santimetero 0.0003, kandi kubera ko icyuho ari gito cyane, imigezi yaba nka metero kibe 0.2 zisanzwe kumunota (scfm).Kuberako hariho inzitizi ya orifice mbere gato yuko icyuho gifata igitutu inyuma, niba umutwaro wiyongereye kugera kuri pound 400 icyuho cyo kugabanura kigabanuka kugera kuri santimetero 0.0002, bikabuza gutembera mu cyuho munsi ya 0.1 scfm.Uku kwiyongera kwa kabiri kubuza guha orifice kugabanya imipaka ihagije kugirango yemere impuzandengo yikigereranyo mu cyuho kwiyongera kuri 40 psi kandi ishyigikire umutwaro wiyongereye.
Nibice byacishijwe bugufi byerekana ikirere gisanzwe kiboneka mumashini yo gupima (CMM).Niba sisitemu ya pneumatike igomba gufatwa nk '“indishyi zishyuwe” igomba kuba ifite aho igarukira hejuru yikibazo cyo gutandukanya icyuho.
Orifice nindishyi zikomeye
Indishyi za Orifice nuburyo bukoreshwa cyane bwindishyi Ubusanzwe orifice irashobora kugira umwobo wa diameter ya santimetero .010, ariko nkuko irimo kugaburira santimetero kare imwe, igaburira ibyateganijwe byinshi byubunini burenze ubwabwo, bityo umuvuduko ya gaze irashobora kuba ndende.Akenshi, orifike yaciwe neza na rubavu cyangwa safiro kugirango wirinde isuri yubunini bwa orifice bityo rero impinduka mumikorere ya Bear.Ikindi kibazo nuko icyuho kiri munsi ya santimetero 0.0002, agace kegereye orifice gatangira kuniga imigezi isigaye mumaso, aho niho hasenyuka rya firime ya gaze .Ibyo bibaho mugihe cyo guhaguruka, nkubuso gusa bwa orifice hamwe na groove zose zirahari kugirango utangire kuzamura.Iyi ni imwe mu mpamvu zingenzi zitera igitutu hanze zitagaragara muri gahunda ya kashe.
Ntabwo aribwo buryo bwo kwishyurwa bwuzuye, ahubwo gukomera birakomeza
kwiyongera uko umutwaro wiyongera kandi icyuho kiragabanuka, nkuko bimeze kuri DGS (Ishusho 1) na
amavuta ya hydrodynamic.Mugihe cyumuvuduko ukabije wimbere, ibyuma bizaba muburyo buringaniye mugihe cyumuvuduko winjiza agace kangana numutwaro wose kuri bishing.Nibibazo bishimishije bya tribologiya kuko hariho zeru zeru cyangwa icyuho cyikirere.Hazabaho gutembera kwa zeru, ariko imbaraga za hydrostatike yumuvuduko wikirere hejuru yubuso munsi yikigero cyikigero kiracyaremerera umutwaro wose kandi bikavamo coefficient ya zeru hafi yo guterana - nubwo amasura akomeje guhura.
Kurugero, niba isura ya kashe ya grafite ifite ubuso bwa santimetero kare 10 na pound 1.000 yingufu zo gufunga kandi grafite ifite coefficient de friction ya 0.1, byasaba ibiro 100 byingufu kugirango utangire kugenda.Ariko hamwe nigitutu cyo hanze cya psi 100 cyanyujijwe mumashusho ya grafite kugeza mumaso yacyo, hashobora kubaho imbaraga zeru zisabwa kugirango zitangire.Ibi ni nubwo hakiri ibiro 1.000 byingufu zo gufunga bikanda mumaso yombi kandi ko mumaso ahura numubiri.
Icyiciro cyibikoresho byoroheje nka: grafite, karubone na ceramika nka alumina na silicon-karbide bizwi ninganda za turbo kandi mubisanzwe birasukuye kuburyo bishobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byotswa igitutu bidahuye na firime ya firime.Hariho ibikorwa bivangavanze aho igitutu cyo hanze gikoreshwa mugupima umuvuduko woguhuza cyangwa imbaraga zo gufunga kashe kuva muri tribologiya igenda ikorwa mumaso ya kashe.Ibi bituma ukora pompe ikintu cyo guhindura hanze ya pompe kugirango akemure ibibazo byikibazo nibikorwa byihuse mugihe ukoresheje kashe ya mashini.
Iri hame rireba kandi guswera, ingendo, gushimisha, cyangwa umuyobozi uwo ari we wese ushobora gukoreshwa mu gufata amakuru cyangwa amashanyarazi ku bintu bizunguruka cyangwa kuzimya.Mugihe rotor izunguruka vuba kandi ikarangira ikiyongera, birashobora kugorana gukomeza ibyo bikoresho guhura nigiti, kandi akenshi birakenewe kongera umuvuduko wimpeshyi ubifata kuruti.Kubwamahirwe, cyane cyane mubijyanye nigikorwa cyihuta, uku kwiyongera kwingufu zo guhuza nabyo bivamo ubushyuhe bwinshi no kwambara.Ihame rimwe rya Hybrid ryakoreshejwe muburyo bwa kashe ya mashini yasobanuwe haruguru irashobora no gukoreshwa hano, aho bisabwa guhuza umubiri kugirango amashanyarazi akorwe hagati yibice bihagaze kandi bizunguruka.Umuvuduko wo hanze urashobora gukoreshwa nkumuvuduko ukomoka kuri silindiri ya hydraulic kugirango ugabanye ubukana kuri dinamike mugihe ukomeje kongera imbaraga zimpeshyi cyangwa imbaraga zo gufunga bisabwa kugirango umuyonga cyangwa kashe mumaso uhure nigiti kizunguruka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-21-2023