Ni gute imyenge y'icyuma ishobora gufasha kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere iva mu nganda?

Intangiriro

Kugenzura imyuka ihumanya ikirere byabaye ikibazo gikomeye ku nganda zikora VOCs n'amazi akoreshwa mu buryo buteje akaga, cyane cyane hafi y'ipompo na compressors aho amazi asohoka cyane. Ifu y'icyuma ikemura iki kibazo ikoresha ibikoresho bihindagurika bishobora gucika intege, ishyiraho ikintu gifunga gikozwe mu buryo bworoshye kandi gikozwe mu buryo bwizewe mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe, igitutu, no mu buryo bukoresha imiti. Iyi nkuru isobanura uburyo iyo miterere ifasha kugabanya igipimo cy'amazi ava mu kirere, igashyigikira kubahiriza amahame y'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, no kunoza uburyo ibikoresho byizewe. Igaragaza kandi aho ifu y'icyuma ikoreshwa neza, impamvu ikunze kuba nziza kurusha ifu isanzwe ikoreshwa mu byuma, n'ibyo injeniyeri zigomba gusuzuma mu gihe zisuzuma ingamba zo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere.

Uburyo Ibyuma Bifunga Ibyuka Bihumanya Bigabanya Imyuka Ihumanya Ituruka mu Nganda

Inganda zikora ibikorwa byo gutunganya ibidukikije zigomba kugenzura cyane ibijyanye n’ibidukikije, aho amategeko agenga ibidukikije asaba kugenzura cyane ibintu bihumanya ikirere (VOCs) n’imyuka ihumanya ikirere (HAPs). Ibikoresho bizenguruka, cyane cyane imashini zikoresha centrifugal na compressors, mu mateka bitwara 60% by’imyuka ihumanya ikirere ituruka mu kirere.ibimera bya shimi na peteroliGukemura izi ngingo zisohoka ni amabwiriza y'ibanze y'ubuhanga mu kubahiriza amategeko no kunoza imikorere.

Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gufunga ni ryo terambere rifasha mu kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere ku rwego rw'ibikoresho. Muri ubwo ikoranabuhanga, imashini zifunga ibyuma zitanga igisubizo cyakozwe neza cyane kugira ngo zikureho intege nke zishingiye ku buryo gakondo bwo gufunga. Mu guhindura cyane uburyo bwo gufunga ikirere, ubu buryo butanga imbogamizi ikomeye ku myuka ihumanya ikirere, ndetse no mu gihe cy'amazi ahindagurika cyane kandi ashyushye cyane.

Impamvu kugenzura imyuka ihumanya ikirere ihunga ari ingenzi

Ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bituruka ku guhumeka bibangamira cyane ibidukikije n'imari ku bakora mu nganda. Amabwiriza agenga imikorere, nka Method 21 ya EPA n'amahame agenga API 682 yo gufunga ibyuma, yagabanyije ku buryo buhoraho igipimo cyemewe cyo kuva amazi mu kirere. Nubwo ingano y'amateka yemereraga kuva amazi mu kirere kugeza ku bice 10.000 kuri miliyoni y'ubwinshi bw'amazi (ppmv), amabwiriza agezweho akunze kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bya VOC kugeza munsi ya 500 ppmv, aho amategeko agenga aho hantu ashyira imbaraga mu mipaka ya ppmv iri munsi ya 100.

Kunanirwa kubahiriza izi ngingo zikomeye bitera ibihano bikomeye by’imari, kwiyongera kwa gahunda yo gushakisha no gusana imyanda iva mu kirere (LDAR) ku ngufu kandi bihenze, ndetse no gutakaza ubukungu bw’amazi akoreshwa mu gutunganya imyanda. Byongeye kandi, imyuka ihumanya idafite aho ihuriye n’imyuka ihumanya ikirere itera ibyago bikomeye ku mutekano w’abakozi kandi ikangiza ibikorwa remezo biyikikije binyuze mu kwangirika kwihuta. Kubera iyo mpamvu, kuvugurura ikoranabuhanga ryo gufunga imyanda iva mu kirere nta kintu na kimwe cyangwa bike bikiri uburyo bwo kongera ubwizigirwa, ahubwo ni itegeko ry’ibanze.

Uburyo imyenge y'inyuma igabanya inzira zo gusohoka

Ibyuma bisanzwe by'ubukanishikwishingikiriza ku bintu bihindura imiterere y’ingufu—ubusanzwe ari impeta za O-elastic—zigomba kunyerera ku mugozi w’ipompo kugira ngo zihuze n’ingufu z’ingufu no kwaguka k’ubushyuhe. Uku kugenda kw’ingufu bitera intege nke z’ibanze: uko elastomer ikomera cyangwa ubuso bw’umugozi bukangirika, inzira zo gusohora amazi za mikorosikopi zirakora, bigatuma VOC zisohoka mu kirere.

Ibyuma bifunga by'icyuma bikuraho burundu iyi nzira ihindagurika yo gusohoka kw'inyuma. Imbere y'inyuma ikora nk'uburyo bwo gufunga kw'impeshyi n'inyuma, ifunga ku giti cyangwa agapfunyika mu gihe igenda yihuta kugira ngo ihuze n'isura. Kubera ko intera y'inyuma ifunze neza kandi nta elastomer igenda inyerera, umuyoboro w'ibanze w'ibyuka bihumanya urakurwaho. Iyi mpande yo hagati ifunga neza ituma ahantu honyine hashobora gusohoka ari mu maso hanini hasukuye neza, hashobora gucungwa binyuze mu buryo bugezweho bwo gupima no gukoresha uburyo bwo gupima amazi.

Icyo Ibyuma Bifunga Ibiti by'Umugozi ari cyo n'aho birusha ibindi

Ifuru zo mu cyuma zigaragaza ubwoko bwihariye bw'ifuru zo mu cyuma zidakoresha ikoranabuhanga ryakozwe mu bidukikije aho ibice bisanzwe bya elastomeric binanirwa gukora. Zifite ubushobozi bwihariye bwo kubungabunga ubuziranenge bw'ifuru mu mikorere idasanzwe, zigafata ubushyuhe bw'amazi kuva kuri -75°C kugeza ku bushyuhe burenze 400°C nta kwangirika kujyanye n'ifuru zo mu cyuma zishingiye kuri polymer.

Mu guhuza imikorere yo gufunga igice cya kabiri n'uburyo bwo gupakira ibikoresho mu buryo bwa mekanike mu gice kimwe cy'icyuma cyose, izi myenge zitanga ibidukikije byo gufunga bihamye kandi byitezwe neza. Uku guhuza ibice ntibigabanya gusa amahirwe yo guteranya amakosa ahubwo binagabanya ibyago byo kudahuza neza kw'ibinyabutabire bikunze kwibasira myenge ikoreshwa mu gupfunyika ibintu byinshi.

Uburyo imitako y'inyuma ishongeshejwe kandi ikozwe mu buryo bwa "bellow seal" yubakwa

Uburyo bwo gukoraigena imipaka y'imikorere n'imiterere y'imivure. Uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo kubaka ni ugusudira impande n'ugutunganya amazi. Imivure isudira impande ikozwe hakoreshejwe imivure ikozwe mu buryo bunoze bw'amabara akozwe mu mpapuro nto z'ubugari—ubusanzwe kuva kuri mm 0.10 kugeza kuri mm 0.25 z'ubugari—no kuyisudira ku murambararo w'imbere n'inyuma kugira ngo ikore igice cy'imbere gifunze. Ubu buryo butuma habaho uburebure ntarengwa bwo gukanda, koroherana cyane, no gukwirakwiza neza imivure mu mivure.

Ibinyuranye n'ibyo, imiyoboro ikozwe mu buryo bwa hydraulic ikanda umuyoboro w'icyuma ufite inkuta nto mu buryo bwa corrugated. Nubwo imiyoboro ikozwe muri rusange ihendutse cyane kuyikora kandi nta miyoboro ifite aho ibohera, igaragaza ubwinshi bw'impeshyi n'ingendo nke ugereranije n'izindi zikozwe mu buryo bwa corrugated. Ku nganda zikora neza aho umutwaro ugaragara neza no koroha cyane bisaba kwirinda imyuka ihumanya ikirere, imiyoboro ikozwe mu buryo bwa corrugated iguma ari yo ngendo isanzwe mu nganda.

Uburyo bitandukanye n'ibipfukisho bisanzwe bya mekanike

Itandukaniro ry'ibanze riri hagati y'imivure y'icyuma n'imivure isanzwe ikoreshwa mu gusunika ni uburyo imivure y'inyongera ikoresha imivure ya O-ring ifite umuvuduko w'izuba igomba gusunika ku muvure. Iki gikorwa cyo kunyerera kidasibangana gituma umuvure ucika—ikintu gikwirakwira mu gace runaka kizunguruka umuvure, bigatuma umuvure usohoka burundu kandi bigasaba gusimbuza umuvure uhenze.

Ibyuma bidakoresha ibyuma bifunga biguma bidahagaze neza ugereranyije n'agasanduku k'icyuma, bikoresha uburyo bwo guhindagurika kw'ibyuma bifunganye kugira ngo bikomeze gukorana mu maso. Ibi bikuraho burundu imvune y'icyuma kandi bikuraho ibyago byo "kumanika" agasanduku, aho imyanda cyangwa amazi ya polymeri atuma impeta ya O-ring ifata, bigatuma agasanduku k'ibanze gatandukana kandi bigatera gusohoka nabi.

Ibintu by'ingenzi mu gushushanya imikorere y'urupapuro

Gutunganya imigozi y'icyuma bisaba isesengura ryimbitse ry'imiterere yihariye y'imikorere. Kubera ko igice cy'imbere cy'imigozi gikora nk'igice cy'imiterere n'ihindagurika, imiterere yacyo igomba kuringaniza neza ubwiyongere bwo gukurikirana isura ugereranije n'imbaraga za mekanike zikenewe kugira ngo wihangane n'umuvuduko w'imikorere. Imigozi isanzwe ifite ply imwe isanzwe ikoreshwa mu buryo bwizewe ikora kugeza kuri bar 20 kugeza kuri 25, mu gihe imiterere yihariye ya multi-ply ikorwa kugira ngo yihangane n'umuvuduko urenze bar 60.

Ubufatanye buri hagati y’imiterere y’ibyuma, imiterere y’ibintu biri ku maso, n’imikorere y’ibintu bikoreshwa ni byo bigaragaza ubushobozi bwo kwirinda imyuka ihumanya ikirere mu guteranya ibifunga.

Uburyo igitutu, ubushyuhe, itangazamakuru, n'ingendo y'umugozi bigira ingaruka ku guhitamo

Imikorere y'imashini y'imbere y'imashini ishingiye cyane ku muvuduko n'ubushyuhe bw'imikorere y'imashini. Umuvuduko mwinshi ushobora gutera imivuduko idahindagurika cyangwa "guhindagurika," bigasaba ibikoresho binini cyangwa imiterere myinshi, ibyo bikaba byongera umuvuduko w'impeshyi kandi bikagabanya ubwiyongere bw'imirongo. Abahanga mu by'imashini bagomba kubara imiterere myiza y'imashini kugira ngo bakomeze gufunga neza ku maso y'imashini idarenze imipaka y'icyuma.

Imiterere y'ibinyamakuru n'uburyo umuyoboro w'amazi ugenda nabyo bigira uruhare runini. Amazi ashyushye cyangwa akoresha icyuma ashobora kwinjira mu miyoboro y'amazi, bikabuza kugenda. Muri ibyo bihe, imiterere y'imiyoboro y'amazi yagutse iragenwa kugira ngo yorohereze kwisukura. Byongeye kandi, kugenda cyane kw'imiyoboro y'amazi cyangwa inzira y'amazi ishobora gutuma imiyoboro y'amazi ihinduka uruziga, bigatuma icyuma kirushaho kunanirwa iyo imiyoboro y'amazi irenze ubushobozi bw'imiterere y'imiyoboro y'amazi.

Ni ibihe bikoresho n'isura bihuza birushaho kuba byiza

Guhitamo ibyuma bigena imbibi z'imikorere n'ubudahangarwa bw'ingufu z'icyuma. Ingufu zisanzwe akenshi zubakwa mu cyuma kitagira umugese cya AM350, zitanga ubunini bw'ibanze bw'imbaraga n'ubushobozi bwo gusudira. Ku bidukikije bikaze cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi, aloyi za nikeli nyinshi nka Alloy C-276 cyangwa Alloy 718 zagenwe kugira ngo hirindwe ko ingufu zicika kandi zigumane imbaraga zo gukurura mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi.

Ibikoresho by'ibanze byo ku ruhande ni ingenzi cyane mu kugabanya imyuka ihumanya. Impuzandengo y'isura ikomeye, nka Silicon Carbide (SiC) izunguruka kuri Tungsten Carbide (WC), itanga ubushobozi bwo kwangirika budasanzwe mu gukoresha ibintu biremereye. Ariko, ku mazi afite amavuta make, isura ya Silicon Carbide inyura ku isura idahinduka ya Carbon Graphite itanga ubushobozi bwo kwangirika ku rugero ruto, ikagabanya ubushyuhe kandi ikarinda ko amazi ahumeka mu gace runaka ashobora kunyura ku nzitizi z'imyuka ihumanya.

Uburyo ikiguzi cy'ubuzima n'imikorere y'amazi bigereranywa

Nubwo imivure y'icyuma ishongeshejwe mu mpande ikoresha amafaranga menshi y'ibanze ugereranije n'imivure isanzwe ya elastomeric pusher, imikorere yayo yo gusohoka ni myiza cyane mu ikoreshwa ryayo rikomeye. Imivure ya Pusher muri serivisi zikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi ikunze kwangirika kwa elastome, bigatuma imyuka ihumanya ikomeza kwiyongera kandi igasaba gusimburwa buri mezi 12 kugeza kuri 18.

Mu buryo bunyuranye, agakoresho k’icyuma gakozwe neza gakoresha ibipimo byako gashobora kongera igihe hagati y’ibihe byangiritse (MTBF) kikagera ku mezi 36 kugeza kuri 60. Ubu buryo bwongerewe igihe ntabwo bugabanya gusa ikiguzi cyo hejuru cy’ibikoresho ahubwo bunatuma biguma mu murongo uhamye wo kubahiriza ibidukikije, hirindwa ibihano bya LDAR n’ikiguzi kijyanye no kudakora neza kw’ibikoresho.

Uburyo bwo Kugena, Gushyiramo, no Kubungabunga Ibyuma Bifunga Imitsi

Ibyiza by’imitako y’icyuma bishyirwa mu byuma bigerwaho gusa binyuze mu gukurikiza amabwiriza akomeye, gushyiraho no gutanga amasoko. Ubuhanga bwo gukora neza bushobora kwirengagizwa no gukoresha nabi ibikoresho cyangwa ibikoresho bitari mu murongo mwiza. Amabwiriza y’inganda ategeka ko ibikoresho bizenguruka bigomba kugumana ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kwihanganira ikoranabuhanga; urugero, ibisabwa na API 682 Icyiciro cya 2 na 3 bivuga ko kuzenguruka kw’umugozi ku buso bw’igishishwa bitagomba kurenza 0.05 mm munsi y’umutwaro uhinduka.

Gushyiraho uburyo busanzwe bwo kugena no gushyiraho izi mpapuro zifunga ibintu, bituma ubushobozi bwo gukumira imyuka ihumanya bw’ikoranabuhanga rya “bellows” bushyirwa mu bikorwa neza mu rwego rwo gukumira imyuka ihumanya.

Uburyo bwo kugaragaza ibimenyetso by'ubuvanganzo

Amasezerano yo gusobanura agomba guhuza n'amahame yemewe mu nganda, cyane cyane API 682, aho imiyoboro y'icyuma ikunze gushyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe ubwoko bwa B (imiyoboro izunguruka) cyangwa ubwoko bwa C (imiyoboro ihoraho). Injeniyeri zigomba kugaragaza imiterere nyayo y'amazi, ingano y'umuvuduko w'umwuka, n'igihe cy'ubushyuhe iki gipfundikizo kizaba gifite.

Ikindi kandi, ni ingenzi ni uburyo bwo gushyiraho gahunda y’inyongera yo gusohora amazi. Gukoresha gahunda z’imiyoboro ya API—nk’Igishushanyo cya 11 cyo gusohora amazi mu cyumba cy’ibumba, cyangwa Igishushanyo cya 52/53A cyo gukoresha sisitemu y’amazi y’ibumba ebyiri—ni ingenzi mu gucunga ibidukikije bikikije ubuso bw’ibumba. Mu ikoreshwa rya zero ry’imyuka ihumanya irimo HAPs zihumanya cyane, kugaragaza igipfundikizo cy’ibumba gifite umuvuduko ubiri (Igishushanyo cya 53A) byemeza ko amazi ashobora gusohoka mu maso y’ibanze agizwe n’amazi y’ibumba adakora aho kuba ibyuma bitera akaga.

Uburyo gushyiraho no gushyiramo ibikoresho bigira ingaruka ku mikorere

Imiterere y'ikimenyetso cya cartridgebyashyizeho uburyo bwo gushyiraho ibintu mu buryo busanzwe, bigabanya ibyago bishobora guterwa no guteranya ibice. Ibyuma bifunga amakarito bitegurwa mbere kandi bigashyirwa ku ruganda, bituma igice cy'imbere cy'amakarito gishyirwa ku burebure bwacyo bukwiye—ubusanzwe bisaba ko igitutu kiri hagati ya mm 3 na 5 kugira ngo hakorwe imbaraga zikwiye zo gufunga isura.

Mu gihe cyo gutangira gukoresha, abakoresha bagomba kugenzura imiterere y'ibikoresho, bakareba ko imiterere y'inguni n'iy'inguni ijyanye n'igihe biri mu buryo buhamye. Gukuraho uduce tw'ibikoresho mbere y'uko agasanduku k'ibikoresho gashyirwa ku gasanduku k'ipompo bishobora guhindura uburyo imashini itera guhagarara, bigatuma isura ihita iva cyangwa ibyuma binanirwa gukora neza iyo bitangiye gukora.

Uburyo bwo gusuzuma abatanga ibicuruzwa n'ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gutanga amasoko

Gushaka seal zikora neza bisaba ubushobozi buhanitse bwo kugurisha. Abagenzuzi bagomba gusuzuma uburyo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'uruganda, cyane cyane ibijyanye no gusudira. Abatanga serivisi zikomeye bakoresha tekiniki za micro-plasma cyangwa laser zo gusudira kandi bakemeza buri gice cy'imbere bakoresheje helium mass spectrometry, akenshi bapima igipimo cyo kuva amazi kugeza kuri $1 \inshuro 10 ^ {-8}$ atm cc/sec.

Ibipimo ngenderwaho mu gutanga amasoko bigomba kandi gusaba ko ibikoresho byose bikurikiranwa neza. Abatanga serivisi bagomba gutanga ibyemezo bya EN 10204 3.1 ku bikoresho byose bya metallurgike bitose kugira ngo harebwe imiterere ya alloy. Gusuzuma ubushobozi bw'umucuruzi bwo gukora simulation ihindagurika no gutanga ubufasha mu by'ubuhanga bwo mu gace runaka ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo habeho ubwizerwe mu gihe kirekire no kubahiriza imyuka ihumanya.

Iyo Bellows Seals itanze inyungu nziza

Gushyira imitako y'icyuma mu nyubako yose ntabwo ari byiza cyane bitewe n'igiciro cy'ikoranabuhanga. Gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba bisaba kumenya ubushobozi bw'imikorere y'imitako ugereranije n'uburyo uruganda rwizewe kandi rukurikiza amategeko. Ishingiro ry'ubukungu rishingira ku buryo busesuye bwo gucunga imitungo, aho ikiguzi cyo gukora imirimo kirenga $10.000 ku isaha mu nganda zikora imirimo ihoraho nka peteroli n'inganda zitunganya peteroli.inganda zikora imiti.

Mu kwibanda ku mitungo y'ingenzi, ifite ibyago byinshi, no kwizerwa

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Imyanzuro y'ingenzi n'impamvu z'ingenzi ku byerekeye Metal Bellows Seals
• Ibisobanuro, kubahiriza amategeko, n'igenzura ry'ingaruka bikwiye kwemezwa mbere yo kwiyemeza
• Intambwe zikurikiraho zifatika n'ibyo abasomyi bashobora gushyira mu bikorwa ako kanya

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni gute imashini zifunga ibyuma zigabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere mu nganda?

Bakuraho inzira y'impeta ya O-ring ihinduka iboneka mu dupfunyika tw'imashini. Udupfunyika dukora nk'ipfunyika ry'impeta n'iry'inyongera, bigafasha ipompo kugira VOC n'amazi yangiza mu buryo bwiza.

Ni ryari nkwiye guhitamo agapfunyika k'icyuma aho guhitamo agapfunyika k'icyuma gapfunyika?

Hitamo imivure y'icyuma ikoreshwa mu bushyuhe bwinshi, mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi, mu gihe cy'imiti ikaze, cyangwa mu bintu bishobora gukomera muri elastomer. Ni ingirakamaro mu gihe cy'akazi gakomeye ko kugabanya imyuka ihumanya.

Ni izihe nganda zungukira cyane ku byuma bifunga imigozi?

Inganda zikora imiti, peteroli, peteroli na gaze, ingufu, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, izo mu mazi n'amazi bifitiye akamaro kanini, cyane cyane aho ipompo zikora ibijyanye n'ingufu zishyuha, zihindagurika, cyangwa ziteza akaga ndetse n'ibijyanye no kubahiriza amategeko agenga imyuka ihumanya ikirere.

Ese Victor Seals ishobora gutanga imishumi y'icyuma yo gusimbuza pompe ya OEM?

Yego. Victor Seals itanga imivure y'icyuma n'izindi mpapuro z'icyuma zikoreshwa mu gusimbuza no kubungabunga zijyanye na OEM, harimo no gushyigikira ibirango nka Grundfos, IMO, Flygt, Alfa Laval, na Allweiler.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kubungabunga bufasha ibyuma bifunga imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi kuguma mu buryo butuma umwuka usohoka mu kirere udasohora umwuka mwinshi?

Reba imiterere y'isura y'igipfundikizo, aho umugozi unyura, imiterere y'amazi yo gukaraba, n'ubushyuhe bw'imikorere. Koresha ingano nziza yo gushyiraho kandi usimbuze vuba amaboko yashaje cyangwa impeta zo gukurura kugira ngo wirinde ko amazi asohoka.