Isemboro ya Mekanike cyangwa Isemboro yangiritse? Nigute wasuzuma vuba

Kunanirwa kw'ikimenyetso cya tekiniki ugereranije no kunanirwa kw'icyuma gifunga

Mu bikoresho bizunguruka nka pompe zikoresha centrifugal, compressors, na agitators z'inganda, umupaka uri hagatiikibazo cyo gufunga ibintu mu buryo bwa mekanikekandi ikibazo cy’ubwikorezi gikunze kugaragara nk’ikidasobanutse bitewe n’ibimenyetso bihurirana. Ibice byombi bisangiye umugozi umwe kandi bikora hafi cyane, bivuze ko kwangirika kwa kimwe akenshi bitera kwihutisha kwangirika kwacyo. Ku bahanga mu by’ubwirinzi n’abatekinisiye mu kubungabunga, gutandukanya impamvu nyamukuru y’ubushyuhe bukabije, guhindagura kudasanzwe, cyangwa gukoresha ingufu zidasobanutse ni ikibazo gikomeye cyo gusuzuma.

Gusuzuma nabi ibi byangiritse bitera gusana nabi, kwangirika kenshi no kubura umusaruro igihe kirekire. Mu nganda zikora cyane nko gutunganya peteroli cyangwa gukora impapuro, igihe cyo kuruhuka kitagenwe gishobora gutera ikiguzi kiri hagati y’amadolari 10.000 n’amadolari arenga 50.000 ku isaha. Kubera iyo mpamvu, gushyiraho uburyo bwo gusuzuma buhamye kandi bushingiye ku bimenyetso ni ngombwa kugira ngo hamenyekane igice cyangiritse mbere yuko habaho kwangirika gukomeye.

Impamvu gusuzuma vuba birinda igihe cyo gukora

Intego y'ibanze yo gusuzuma vuba ni ukwirinda ko uburyo bwo gucika kw'imashini zizenguruka bushobora kwangirika. Ifu y'imashini n'ifu y'imashini bibaho mu mibanire ya mashini; ifu y'imashini igomba kubungabunga imikorere ya rotor kugira ngo isura y'ifu y'imashini ishobore gukurikirana neza, mu gihe ifu y'imashini igomba kuba irimo amazi y'imikorere kugira ngo hirindwe kwanduzwa n'uburyo bwo gusiga ifu y'imashini.

Iyo icyuma gitangira kwangirika cyangwa gutakaza aho kibohokera imbere, bituma icyuma gihinduka cyane. Iyo icyuma gisohoka mu buryo bwa radial kirenze ubushobozi busanzwe bwo gufunga—akenshi bungana na santimetero 0.05—impeta za O-zirahinduka zizacika, kandi impande z’icyuma gifunga zizacika cyangwa zigatandukana, bigatuma amazi ahita ava. Ku rundi ruhande, icyuma gifunga gitangira gucika amazi yangiza cyangwa atera uburyaryate mu cyumba cy’icyuma kizagabanya vuba ubukana bw’amavuta yo kwisiga, bigatuma icyuma gifata mu masaha make. Kumenya igice gitangira bihagarika iki gice cyangiza.

Iyo ibimenyetso bikiri bito bisaba gukemurwa mu buryo buhamye

Si ibimenyetso byose bisaba gufungwa byihutirwa vuba; bimwe bisaba gukemurwa mu buryo bugenzurwa kandi bunoze mu gihe ibikoresho bikiri kuri interineti. Kwangirika kw'intambwe ibanza akenshi kugaragara nk'impinduka mu makuru akurikirana uburwayi aho kuba kwangirika ku buryo bugaragara. Iyo ibyuma bipima indwara bibonye itandukaniro ry'ibanze, amakipe ashinzwe gusuzuma indwara agomba gutangiza iperereza rihamye nta guhagarika inzira bitari ngombwa.

Urugero, kwiyongera buhoro buhoro k'ubushyuhe bw'aho ibyuma bihagarara kugera kuri 82°C cyangwa ihinduka ry'umuvuduko w'ihindagurika ry'ikirere rirenze 0.15 in/s RMS bigaragaza ko hari ikibazo kigaragara. Muri iki cyiciro, abatekinisiye bashobora gukora isesengura ry'ihindagurika ry'ikirere, termography, no gupima amavuta mu mutekano. Gukemura ibibazo bigenzurwa bituma ikigo gifata neza ibice bisimbura ibindi, gutegura gahunda yo guhagarika ibintu ku bushake, no gutegura inzira zikenewe zo gufunga/gusohora (LOTO), bityo bigahindura ikibazo kitari giteganyijwe kikaba igikorwa cyo kubungabunga gicungwa neza.

Imipaka y'Inanirwa n'Itandukaniro ry'Ingenzi

Kugira ngo bamenye neza ikibazo cy’ibikoresho, abatekinisiye bagomba kubanza gusobanukirwa imbibi zitandukanye z’imikorere n’ibisabwa ku mikorere y’icyuma gifunga ibikoresho ndetse n’icy’icyuma giteranya ibikoresho. Nubwo bakora ku gice kimwe gihinduranya ibikoresho, ibipimo by’imiterere yabo, ingano y’ibipimo byangiritse, n’ingaruka z’umubiri ku mihangayiko y’umubiri bitandukanye cyane.

Ikimenyetso cya mekanike niigikoresho gifata amazi nezaKwishingikiriza ku cyuho cya mikorosikopi, mu gihe icyuma gifata imizigo ari igice cyo kohereza imizigo cyagenewe guhangana n'imbaraga zikomeye za mekanike. Kumenya aho imiterere y'amazi irangira n'imiterere y'imiterere y'ibintu bitangirira ni ishingiro ry'isuzuma ry'imiterere y'ubutaka neza.

Icyo ikimenyetso cya mekanike kirinda

Ifu ya mekanike ikora nk'uruzitiro rw'ibanze hagati y'amazi y'imbere n'ikirere cyo hanze. Umurimo wayo w'ibanze ugerwaho binyuze mu maso abiri yafunze neza cyane—imwe idahinduka n'indi izunguruka—ihujwe hamwe n'imbaraga z'impeshyi n'umuvuduko wa hydraulic. Ayo maso ntabwo yumye neza; yishingikiriza ku gacupa k'amazi ka mikorosikopi, gasanzwe gapima hagati ya mikorosi 1 na 3 mu bunini, kugira ngo gatange amavuta n'ubukonje.

Kubera ko ikizingo cya mashini gikora neza cyane, kibasha kwitabwaho cyane n’ibintu bivamo amazi. Kirinda ibidukikije ibintu bishobora gukurura imiti ihumanya kandi kikarinda kwandura kw’ikirere. Ariko, imikorere yacyo ishingiye gusa ku mazi asigaye mu bushyuhe bwihariye, igitutu, n’umuyaga. Iyo ikizingo cya mashini kinaniwe, ingaruka nyamukuru ni ukubura uburyo bwo kugifata, bikagaragara nk’amazi asohoka, ibicu by’umwuka, cyangwa kugabanuka k’umuvuduko w’amazi akingira mu miterere ibiri y’ikizingo.

Mbega ukuntu icyuma gishyigikira

Ibyuma bikoreshwa mu gukingira umugozi uzenguruka, bigacunga imizigo yombi ya radial (igororotse ku mugozi) n'imitwaro yo gukurura (ijyanye n'umugozi). Mu kubungabunga rotor mu gice cyayo cya geometrike, ibyuma bifasha kwemeza ko impellers zidakora ku dusanduku kandi ko isura y'icyuma iguma igororotse. Ibyuma bikoreshwa mu nganda bizingira umugozi byakozwe kugira ngo bigire igihe runaka cyo kunanirwa kwa L10, akenshi bibarwa hagati y'amasaha 25.000 na 50.000 yo gukora mu gihe cyo gushyiramo amavuta n'imitwaro.

Bitandukanye n'udupfundikizo, udupfundikizo ntabwo duhura n'amazi yo mu nzira. Ahantu hazo hagizwe n'agasanduku kuzuyemo amavuta yo kwisiga cyangwa amavuta. Ubuzima bw'udupfundikizo bushingiye ku kugumana icyuma gikomeza gukurura umwuka hagati y'ibintu bizunguruka n'inzira zo gusiganwa. Iyo udupfundikizo twananiwe, dutakaza ubushobozi bwo gufunga umugozi, bigatuma habaho kwiyongera kw'ubushyuhe, gushyuha vuba, no guhindagura cyane uko aho imbere hagenda hakura birenga imipaka y'imiterere.

Ibimenyetso by'ipfundikizo rya mekanike ugereranije n'ibyuma byangiritse

Gutandukanya ibimenyetso bigaragara by’uko ikimenyetso cyangiritse n’uko umurinzi yangiritse bisaba guhuza ibimenyetso by’ubushyuhe, ibyo kumva n’ibyo kureba. Kubera ko ibice by’ikintu biri hafi y’ibindi, ubushyuhe n’urusaku bishobora guhita byoroshye mu gipfundikizo cy’ibikoresho, bigatuma isesengura ry’ibimenyetso bitandukanye rigorana.

Iyi matrix igereranya itanga ishingiro ry'isuzuma ry'aho ibintu biri. Urugero, niba umutekinisiye abonye ubushyuhe buri mu gace runaka ku gasabo k'icyuma gafunga ibintu hamwe n'urusaku rutunguranye, agace k'amazi hagati y'agasabo gashobora kuba karimo gushonga. Ku rundi ruhande, niba ubushyuhe bwiganje ku gasabo k'icyuma gafite urusaku rusa n'urusaku rusa, agasabo k'icyuma gashobora kuba karaguye, bigatuma icyuma kiva ku cyuma kijya ku kindi.

Uburyo bwo gusuzuma indwara mu murima

Guhindura itandukaniro ry’ibitekerezo mu gusuzuma ibintu mu buryo bushoboka bisaba uburyo bwo kugenzura buhamye. Uburyo bwo gusuzuma ibintu bugomba kuva ku kwitegereza ibintu bitarimo kwivanga, bijya ku bipimo byihariye cyane, bishingiye ku bikoresho. Guhita ujya ku gukubita ibintu mu buryo butunguranye byangiza ibimenyetso by’ingenzi kandi bikongera igihe cyo kudakora neza kw’ibikoresho.

Gusuzuma neza imiterere y'ubutaka bikoresha ibikoresho bigenzurwa neza kugira ngo bifate ibimenyetso by'ihindagurika ry'ikirere, ubushyuhe, n'ihindagurika ry'amazi. Mu gupima ibimenyetso, amakipe yizewe ashobora kumenya inkomoko y'ikosa afite icyizere cyo hejuru mbere yo gukuraho icyuma kimwe.

Isuzuma rya mbere ry'igisubizo

Uburyo bwa mbere bwo gusubiza bushingiye ku kureba kw'amatwi bwiyongereyeho ibikoresho by'ibanze byo gusuzuma. Abatekinisiye bagomba gutangira basuzuma imiterere y'agahu k'icyuma gafunga, aho gafite icyuma gikingira, n'igice cy'ibanze. Igipimo cy'ingenzi ni igipimo nyacyo cy'amazi ava; mu giheagapfundikizo ka mekanike gafite ubuzima bwizaishobora gusohora umwuka utagaragara, ifunga ryangiritse rizatuma amazi atakaza amazi mu buryo bufatika. Igipimo cyo gusohora amazi kigaragara kirenga ibitonyanga 60 ku munota ni urugero rusanzwe rwerekana kwangirika gukomeye kw'isura y'ifunga cyangwa kwangirika kwa kabiri kw'impeta ya O-ring.

Nyuma yo gusuzuma no kureba, abatekinisiye bagomba gukoresha termography ya infrared (IR) kugira ngo barebe ubushyuhe buri mu gasanduku k'ipompo. Sisitemu nzima izagaragaza ihinduka ryoroheje ry'ubushyuhe kuva ku bushyuhe bw'amazi bugana ku gasanduku k'icyuma gikingira. Ingufu ikaze kandi yihariye ku gasanduku k'icyuma gikingira isura igaragaza gukururana, mu gihe ahantu hanini hareba ku gice cy'icyuma gikingira isura bigaragaza ikibazo cyo gusya cyangwa kurenza urugero rw'amazi. Amaherezo, isuzuma ry'ibyuka bihumanya rishobora kumenya imiraba ya ultrasound ikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryihuta, rigagaragaza ko icyuma gikingira isura kidakora neza cyangwa kigafunga isura yumye igihe kirekire mbere yuko abantu bumva ikintu kidasanzwe.

Ibipimo by'uko imashini yangiritse mu gufunga

Gutandukanya ikibazo cyo gufunga ibintu mu buryo bwa mekanikebisaba gupima imiterere y'uburyo bwo kuyishyigikira hamwe n'imiterere y'icyumba cyo gufunga. Ku mapompo afite gahunda zo gufunga za API 682 (nk'igipimo cya 11, 52, cyangwa 53), abatekinisiye bagomba kugenzura igipimo cy'amazi asohoka, itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko, n'urugero rw'ikigega. Kugabanuka gutunguranye k'umuvuduko w'amazi afunga mu kigega cya Gahunda ya 53 bigaragaza ko amaso y'ikigega yinjiyemo yafungutse, bigatuma amazi afunga mu kigega asohoka mu nzira.

Byongeye kandi, gupima umuvuduko uri mu cyumba cy’ipfundikizo ubwacyo ni ingenzi cyane. Iyo umuvuduko w’icyumba cy’ipfundikizo uguye munsi y’umuvuduko w’umwuka w’amazi yapompewe, amazi azahinduka umwuka, bigatuma amaso y’ipfundikizo yumuka kandi agacika. Abatekinisiye bagomba kandi gupima inzira y’umuvuduko wa radial hafi y’agace k’ipfundikizo bakoresheje ibimenyetso bya dial mu gihe cyo kuzenguruka gato (niba ari byiza kandi bihari); kurenga santimetero 0.075 (0.075 mm) bigaragaza ko kudahuza kwa mekanike ari ukwangiza amaso y’ipfundikizo.

Ibipimo by'uko icyuma gihagarara nabi

Gusuzuma imiterere y'ibice by'umuraba bishingiye cyane ku isesengura ry'ibice by'umuraba n'ishusho ya tribology. Hakoreshejwe accelerometers, abasesenguzi bafata spectrum ya vibration kugira ngo bamenye frequencies runaka z'amakosa. Ibishushanyo mbonera by'ibice by'umuraba bitanga frequencies zitandukanye hashingiwe ku miterere yabyo: Ball Pass Frequency Outer (BPFO), Ball Pass Frequency Inner (BPFI), Ball Spin Frequency (BSF), na Fundamental Train Frequency (FTF). Kuba hari imisozi idahuje ihuye n'iyi frequencies ibazwe bitanga ikimenyetso cy'uko frequencies zabaye mu nzira yo gusimbuka cyangwa mu gusimbuka.

Muri icyo gihe, isesengura ry’amavuta ritanga amateka y’imiti n’utubumbe ku buzima bw’icyuma gifata amazi. Abatekinisiye bagomba gukuramo icyitegererezo cy’icyuma gifata amazi mu gikoresho gifata amazi bakagisesengura kugira ngo barebe niba hari imyanda yangiritse cyangwa yangiritse. Kugera ku ntego z’isuku ya ISO 4406 (ubusanzwe 16/14/11 ku mashini zikora imashini) ni ingenzi. Kwiyongera gutunguranye kw’utubumbe twa fer, umuringa, cyangwa impinduka ikomeye mu mubare w’aside yose (TAN) ya peteroli byemeza ko icyuma gifata amazi kandi gisaba gusimburwa vuba, uko icyuma gifata amazi cyaba kiri kose.

Imiterere y'imikorere itera ibimenyetso bisa

Mu bihe byinshi byo gusuzuma, impamvu nyamukuru y’ibura ry’ikintu ntiriba mu gice cy’icyuma cyangwa ku gikoresho ubwacyo. Ahubwo, imiterere mibi y’imikorere n’ibibazo by’amazi mu buryo bw’umubiri bigira imbaraga zo gusenya zigatera icyarimwe ibice byombi.

Ibi bibazo by’imikorere y’umubiri bitera ibimenyetso bidasanzwe, akenshi bigana ibimenyetso byihariye by’ibice bimwe na bimwe by’imikorere. Kumenya aya makosa y’imikorere ni ingenzi cyane; gusimbuza agace kamenetse cyangwa agace kamenetse hatabayeho gukemura ikibazo cy’amazi cyangwa icyuma gitera imbaraga gucika intege vuba.

Guca mu kanwa, kwiyima inzara, kudashyira neza mu murongo, no koroshya ikirenge

Kudahuzagurika kw'amazi ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi gituma ibice binanirwa gukora icyarimwe. Gucana amazi bibaho iyo Umutwe w'Umuti Ufasha Gucana amazi (NPSHa) uboneka munsi y'Umutwe Ufasha Gucana amazi ukenewe (NPSHr) unyuze kuri pompe, bigatuma uduheri tw'umwuka dukora kandi tugaturika cyane. Uburyo bwiza bwo gukora imashini busaba ko NPSH igera kuri metero 1.5 kugeza kuri 2.5 kugira ngo ibi hirindwe. Gucana amazi bitera gutigita cyane, ku buryo butunguranye, bisa nkaho bitera amabuye; uku gucika kw'amazi kurasenyuka.isura y'ikimenyetso cy'ubukorikori iracikagurikakandi icyarimwe agatera ibintu bizenguruka ku nzira zabo zo gusiganwa.

Mu buryo nk'ubwo, imiterere mibi hagati ya moteri n'ibikoresho biyikoresha ishyira imbaraga kuri rotor yose. Iyo imiterere mibi irenze santimetero 0.127 (0.005 mm), igihe cyo kunama gitera umugozi kunama kabiri kuri buri ruzinduko. Uku kunama guhoraho bifungura amaso y'imashini, bigatera kuva kw'inzira, mu gihe icyarimwe bishyiraho imitwaro minini y'ubukorano ku maberani, bigatera umunaniro udasanzwe no gushyuha cyane. Ikirenge cyoroshye—aho inkingi y'ibikoresho idahagaze ku musingi—bitera kugorama kimwe iyo bolts zometseho zifunze.

Amakosa mu gusiga amavuta, amazi yanduye, n'ibintu bikomeye

Kwanduza no gukoresha amavuta nabi akenshi bihinduka nk'ibice by'umubiri. Gusiga amavuta menshi cyane ku gice cy'umubiri ni ikosa rikunze kubaho mu kubungabunga rituma amavuta ahinduka cyane. Uku gusukanya amavuta bitera gukururana cyane imbere mu mubiri, bigatuma ubushyuhe bw'aho abikwa buzamuka cyane hejuru ya 200°F (93°C). Umutekinisiye ashobora kwitiranya ubu bushyuhe n'icyuma cyangiritse, mu gihe mu by'ukuri, icyuma cyangiritse mu buryo busanzwe ariko gifite ubushyuhe bwinshi.

Ku ruhande rw'ikimenyetso, amazi yanduye atera ingaruka mbi ku maso meza. Iyo ubwinshi bw'ibintu bikomeye bihagaze burenga ibipimo by'igishushanyo cy'ikimenyetso—akenshi birenga 300 ppm ku kimenyetso gisanzwe cy'ikimenyetso kimwe—agace gato k'ikimenyetso kazagera mu firime y'amazi ya mikorosikopi. Iki gitereko cy'amazi gitera hejuru mu maso ya karuboni, kigatanga ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'aho hantu hamwe n'ijwi ry'amajwi ryihuta cyane rishobora gufatwa nk'urusaku rw'amazi mu kiraro. Kugenzura ko imiterere y'amazi meza (nk'uko gahunda ya API 32) isukuye ni ingenzi mu gutandukanya umwanda w'amazi n'ikosa rya mekanike.

Ishingiro ry'impamvu zitera ibimenyetso byagaragaye

Kugira ngo barebe ibimenyetso bihurirana, amakipe y’ubwizerwe akoresha imiterere y’impamvu nyamukuru kugira ngo agaragaze aho ibintu biherereye mu murima aho bishoboka cyane ko ari mu buryo bw’umubiri.

Mu gukoresha iyi matrix, umuganga w’indwara ashobora kureba kure y’ibyangiritse ako kanya. Iyo agapfundikizo kombi karimo kuva amazi kandi icyuma gitembera ku muvuduko wa 2X, matrix igaragaza neza ko ibice byombi bitagenda neza aho kuba ingaruka mbi icyarimwe, zigenga.

Ibyemezo byo gusana, gusimbuza no guhagarika ibikorwa

Intego nyamukuru y'isuzuma ni ugufata icyemezo gishingiye ku bumenyi n'ubukungu ku bijyanye n'imikorere y'ibikoresho. Iyo amakuru amaze gukusanywa kandi impamvu nyamukuru ikamenyekana, abayobozi b'inganda bagomba gufata icyemezo cyo kugerageza gusana kuri interineti, gutegura igihe gito cyo gusimbuza, cyangwa guhita bashyiraho E-stop kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibintu byangirika.

Ibi byemezo byo guhagarika ibikorwa bigengwa n'amahame ngenderwaho y'inganda, amategeko agenga ibidukikije, n'ingaruka z'imari zo kwangiza ibikoresho. Imipaka isobanutse igomba gusobanurwa kugira ngo hakurweho urujijo mu bikorwa byo kubungabunga.

Iyo gusimbuza ikirango cya mekanike bifite ishingiro

Gusimbuza ikimenyetso cya mekanikeIfite ishingiro iyo imikorere yayo y'ibanze—gufata—ibangamiwe ku buryo budasubirwaho kandi idashobora gukosorwa hakoreshejwe guhindura gahunda zo gukurura cyangwa ibipimo by'imikorere. Ku mashini zikora ibintu bihumanya cyangwa bihindagurika (VOCs), amabwiriza agenga ibidukikije n'amahame ya API 682 bigena imipaka ikomeye yo gusohoka kw'amazi. Niba imyuka ya VOC irengeje urugero rw'amategeko agenga aho ituruka (ikunze gupimwa kuri garama 5.6 ku isaha cyangwa binyuze muri ppm sniffers), iki gipfundikizo kigomba gusimburwa ako kanya kugira ngo kigumane iyubahirizwa.

Uretse kubahiriza ibidukikije, kwangirika kw'umubiri kw'isura y'ikimenyetso byemewe gusimburwa. Iyo igenzura ry'imbere cyangwa isura y'imbere rigaragaje amabara ya karuboni, imiterere y'inyuma y'imashini, cyangwa karuboni ya silikoni igenzurwa n'ubushyuhe, iki kimenyetso ntikizaba gikize. Kugerageza gukoresha ikimenyetso gifite amabara yacitse ntibizatera igihombo kinini gusa ahubwo bizanatera ikibazo ku gice cy'umugozi w'imashini, bikongera igihe cy'igishishwa gisanzwe cy'amadolari 2.000 kikagera ku gishishwa cya amadolari 15.000 cyo gusana no gusana rotor.

Iyo gusimbuza uruziga bifite ishingiro

Gusimbuza icyuma gitera imbaraga bifite ishingiro iyo ibimenyetso bya vigment bigaragaza umunaniro uri hasi y’ubuso cyangwa iyo isesengura ry’amavuta ryemeza ko icyuma cyangiritse cyane. Amabwiriza ngenderwaho mu nganda, nka ISO 10816-3, atanga urwego rwo hejuru. Iyo pompe ikomeye y’inganda yinjiye muri Zone C cyangwa Zone D—ikunze kurangwa no gutigita muri rusange kurenza 0.28 in/s RMS (7.1 mm/s)—icyuma gitera imbaraga kirangirika cyane kandi giteza akaga kuri mashini yose.

Byongeye kandi, iyo isesengura ry’amavuta rigaragaje ukwiyongera gutunguranye kw’uduce duto tw’ibintu, nko kwiyongera kwa >10 ppm mu cyuma cyangwa umuringa hagati y’ingero za buri kwezi, ikigega cy’ubwikorezi cyangwa inzira yo gusimbukamo ibintu biba birimo kwangirika. Muri iki cyiciro, kongeramo amavuta mashya ntacyo bimaze. Ikigega kigomba gusimburwa mbere y’uko ibintu bizingira bifunga burundu, bigatuma umugozi ucika cyangwa moteri ikaremerera cyane ikagwa.

Igiti cy'ibyemezo ku bikorwa byo guhagarika igikorwa

Kugira ngo habeho uburyo buhuriweho bwo gusubiza ibintu mu mashini no mu bakozi, ibigo bigomba gushyiraho igiti cy’ibyemezo bikomeye byo guhagarika ibikorwa. Iyo imashini igaragaje ukwiyongera gutunguranye kwarenze umupaka w’itangazo, hamwe n’ubushyuhe bw’aho imashini ikorera buzamuka vuba cyane kuruta 2°F (1°C) ku munota, umukozi agomba guhagarika byihutirwa. Uku kwiyongera kwihuta kwerekana ko imashini igiye gufatirwa cyangwa guturika gukomeye kw’imashini.

Iyo ibimenyetso bidahinduka ariko bitajyanye n’imiterere—nk’aho agakoresho k’icyuma kavamo ibitonyanga 30 by’amazi atarimo akaga ku munota, kandi kagatera guhindagurika mu gace k’ “ibyerekezo” (urugero, 0.18 in/s RMS)—ibikoresho bishobora gukomeza gukurikiranirwa hafi. Muri iki gihe, igiti cy’imyanzuro gitegeka ko habaho igihe cyo kugabanya ibikorwa byo kubungabunga mu masaha 72. Ubu buryo buhuje n’inshingano zo kurinda ibikoresho bihenze n’igihe cyo gukora mu bucuruzi.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Tangira gusuzuma indwara ugaragaza ibimenyetso bya mbere bidasanzwe, nko kuva amazi mu kirere, kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe bw'inkoni, guhinduka kw'ihindagurika ry'imitingito, kwanduzwa n'amavuta, cyangwa inzira y'amazi mu gice cy'imbere cy'umuyoboro.
• Fata ubushyuhe bw'aho ibintu bihurira n'umuyaga hafi ya 180°F (82°C) n'umuvuduko wo gutigita uri hejuru ya 0.15 in/s RMS nk'ibipimo byo kuburira hakiri kare mu gukemura ibibazo bigenzurwa.
• Reba uko icyuma gitemba kuko kugenda hejuru ya santimetero 0.05 (mm 0.05) bishobora kwangiza amaso y’icyuma gifunga n’impeta za O-rings zihinduka.
• Genzura uko amavuta akoreshwa mu gusiga amavuta akoreshwa mu gusiga amavuta igihe cyose agapfundikizo kava mu gikoresho, kuko kwandura kw'amazi yo mu gikoresho bishobora kugabanya vuba ubukana bw'amavuta no kwangiza ubwiza bw'amavuta.
• Irinde gusimbuza gusa igice cyangiritse kigaragara kugeza igihe wemeye niba agapfundikizo cyangwa icyuma cyari cyo cyatumye ibintu bitangira gucika.
• Koresha isesengura ry'imitingito, termography, gupima amavuta, no kugenzura ibimenyetso kugira ngo wirinde gusana kenshi no kudakora neza mu gihe kitateganijwe.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Namenya nte niba ikibazo cya pompe cyatangiye ku gifunga cya mekanike cyangwa icyuma gifunga?

Shaka impinduka ya mbere ishoboka: gupfunyika kw'ibipfunyika, kwanduzwa n'amavuta, icyerekezo cyo guhindagura, gupfunyika kw'imirongo, cyangwa ubushyuhe bw'ibipfunyika. Gupfunyika kw'ibipfunyika akenshi bituma imirongo igenda yangiza amaso y'ibipfunyika, mu gihe gupfunyika kw'ibipfunyika bishobora kwanduza amavuta no kwangiza vuba ibipfunyika.

Ni ubuhe bushyuhe bw'ingufu bukwiye gutera ibibazo?

Ubushyuhe bw'aho amashanyarazi anyura buri hejuru ya 180°F (82°C) ni ikimenyetso cy'umuburo. Ntabwo buri gihe bisaba kuzimya ako kanya, ariko bigomba gutuma habaho igenzura rigenzurwa nka termography, isesengura ry'imitingito, igenzura ry'amavuta, no gusuzuma imiterere y'imikorere.

Ese ikirango cya tekiniki cyangiritse gishobora gutuma icyuma gifunga?

Yego. Iyo amazi yo gutunganya asohoka mu gikoresho cy’uburinzi cyangwa agasukura amavuta, ubukana n’isuku y’amavuta bishobora kwangirika vuba. Amazi yangiza cyangwa atera kwangirika ashobora kwihutisha kwangirika no gutuma uburinzi bushyuha cyane cyangwa bugafata.

Ese gucika intege kw'ibifunga bishobora kwangiza agakoresho k'icyuma?

Yego. Ibyuma byangiritse cyangwa birekuye byemerera ko umugozi urenga urugero kandi ugasohoka. Iyo intera irenze ubushobozi bwo gufunga cyane, akenshi hafi ya mm 0.05, impande z'ibyuma zishobora gucika, gutandukana, cyangwa kuva.

Ni uruhe rwego rw'ihindagurika ry'ikirere rugaragaza ko hari ikibazo kigaragara?

Impinduka iri hejuru ya 0.15 in/s RMS mu muvuduko rusange w’ihindagurika ry’ikirere igomba gufatwa nk'umuburo hakiri kare. Koresha isesengura ry’ihindagurika ry’ikirere kugira ngo utandukanye ubusumbane, imiterere idahwitse, uburemere, inenge z’ibice, n’ihindagurika riterwa n’urupapuro.