Igipimo ngenderwaho cya DIN 24960 Mechanical Seal ni iki?

Intangiriro

DIN 24960 ni igipimo cy’ubunini kimaze igihe kinini ku bipimo bya mekanike bikoreshwa mu pompe zikoresha centrifugal, byakozwe kugira ngo ibipimo bya seal na pompe bisobanuke neza ku nganda. Kubyumva bifasha gusobanura impamvu ibipimo bimwe na bimwe bishobora guhindurwa, ingano y’ibipimo byo gushyiraho ingenzi, n’uburyo imiterere y’agasanduku k’ibikoresho bya pompe ikoreshwa mu bikorwa. Iyi ngingo igaragaza icyo DIN 24960 ikubiyemo, harimo n’ibahasha yayo, imiterere isanzwe ya seal, n’imiterere y’imikorere, hanyuma igasobanura uburyo ifitanye isano n’amahame y’uburayi agezweho n’impamvu imiterere ikomeje kugaragara kenshi mu bipimo by’ubuhanga, muri kataloge, no mu byemezo byo gusimbuza.

DIN 24960 ni iki kandi ikubiyemo iki?

Ibipimo ngenderwaho bya DIN 24960 bigaragaza urwego rw'ibanze rw'ubuhanga mu gucunga amazi. Byakoreshejwe mu mateka nk'ibipimo by'ibanze by'Abadage ku bipimo byo gushyiraho n'amabahasha yo gukoreshaibifunga bya mekanikemu pompe zikoresha centrifugal. Yakozwe na Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN), iyi ngenderwaho yashyizweho kugira ngo ihuze imiterere y’udusanduku two gushyiramo pompe n’udupfundikizo twa mekanike tubihuza, bigatuma habaho guhuza ibikoresho bizenguruka n’ibice byo gufunga.

Nubwo yasimbuwe ku mugaragaro n'amahame rusange y'i Burayi, DIN 24960 iracyari mu mazina y'inganda. Igena imbibi z'ahantu ikirango kigomba kuba kiri, ikagenzura ko ikirango cya mekanike giturutse ku nganda zitandukanye gishobora guhindurwa nta gusaba imashini cyangwa guhindura aho ipompe ikorera.

Imiterere, ubwoko bw'ibirango, n'amabahasha afite ingano

Ingingo nyamukuru ya DIN 24960 ni ukugena imiterere y'ibipfunyika by'ibipfunyika bikoreshwa mu buryo bumwe, bidahuje, kandi biringaniye. Bishyiraho ingano zisanzwe z'ubuso mu cyumba cy'ibipfunyika cya pompe, bigasobanura neza umurambararo ntarengwa w'inyuma w'igipfunyika, igice gikenewe cy'agasanduku ko gushyiramo ibintu, n'umwanya wo hagati ukenewe kugira ngo hakosorwe neza. Ihame rigena uburebure bw'ibipfunyika mu byiciro byihariye, cyane cyane L1K (uburebure bugufi bw'akazi) na L1N (uburebure busanzwe bw'akazi). Binyuriye ku kubahiriza iyi mipaka ikomeye y'ubwinshi bw'ibikoresho, abakora ibikoresho bemeza ko ibipfunyika bisanzwe by'ibipfunyika bihuye neza n'aho byagenewe.

Ingano z'imirongo n'ingano z'aho ishyirwa

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cya DIN 24960 ni uburyo igenda itera imbere mu buryo busanzwe mu bunini bw'imirongo, ubusanzwe ikaba iri hagati ya mm 10 na mm 100 mu nyongera zisanzwe. Kuri buri murambararo w'imirongo (d1), ihame rigena aho icyuma gishyirwa (d3) gikwiranye, umurambararo w'inyuma w'intebe (d7), n'uburebure nyabwo bw'imirongo (L1K na L1N) bukenewe kugira ngo hashyirweho. Ibi bitanga uburyo bwo guteganya igihe abatekinisiye bashushanya imirongo n'ibyumba byo gufunga.

Izi mbogamizi zigaragaza ko umutwe w’icyuma uzenguruka n’intebe ihagaze bigumana igipimo gikwiye cyo gukanda iyo pompe yuzuye. Ibi birinda kwangirika gukabije mu maso bitewe no gukanda cyane no kuva amazi aturutse ku mbaraga nke z’imashini.

Icyo DIN 24960 idasobanura

Nubwo DIN 24960 ifite ibisobanuro birambuye ku bipimo by'ahantu, ni ngombwa kandi gusobanukirwa ibitari mu rwego rwayo. Ihame ntirigena ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bw'impande z'ikimenyetso, elastomer, cyangwa metallurgy. Ikuraho kandi imipaka yihariye mu mikorere, nko gushyuha cyane, ibipimo by'ubushyuhe, cyangwa umuvuduko w'umuvuduko w'umugozi, nubwo mu mateka ijyanye n'igishushanyo cya pompe ya PN16 (16 bar). Byongeye kandi, DIN 24960 ntabwo isobanura imiterere y'imashini zifunga imbere. Abakora bafite uburenganzira bwo gukoresha amasoko amwe, amasoko menshi, cyangwa amasoko y'umuraba, mu gihe ihuriro ryose rihuye n'ibahasha isanzwe ya L1K cyangwa L1N.

Impamvu DIN 24960 igifite akamaro

Nubwo yasimbuwe ku mugaragaro n'amahame y'i Burayi, izina rya DIN 24960 riracyakoreshwa cyane mu gutanga amasoko, kubungabunga no gukora ibikoresho. Akamaro karyo gahoraho gafitanye isano n'ibikoresho byinshi bya kera byashyizweho ndetse n'uburyo uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa ku isi rwishingikiriza ku buryo busanzwe kandi bwumvikana ku rwego rw'isi.

Uburyo binoza uburyo bwo guhinduranya ibintu

Agaciro k'ibanze ka DIN 24960 gashingiye ku bushobozi bwayo bwo koroshya uburyo ibice bihindagurika. Mu nganda zikoresha amagana ya pompe zikoresha centrifugal, gushyiraho uburyo busanzwe ku bifunga bikurikiza DIN 24960 byemereraamashami y'ubugenzuzigushaka ibikoresho bisimburana n'abacuruzi benshi nta gutinya ko byahinduka. Uku guhinduranya ibintu bikoreshwa mu gusimbuza ibice bisanzwe, bikongera ibiciro bihiganwa kandi bigabanya imbogamizi mu mikorere y'ibicuruzwa. Ibigo bihinduka bijya ku bipimo bya DIN bisanzwe bitangaza ko byagabanutseho 30% kugeza kuri 40%, kuko igishushanyo mbonera cy'igishishwa kimwe gishobora gutanga serivisi ku bikoresho byinshi bya pompe mu ruganda.

Aho ihame rigikurikizwa

DIN 24960 iracyavugwaho cyane hamwe napompe zisanzwe za shimi, cyane cyane izubatswe hakurikijwe amabwiriza ya ISO 2858 na DIN 24256. Izi pompe, zagenewe umuvuduko muto wa bar 16, zifite ibyumba byo gufunga byakozwe byumwihariko kugira ngo byakire pompe za DIN 24960. Uretse u Burayi, abakora muri Aziya no muri Amerika bakunze gukoresha "DIN standard" nk'igisobanuro cy'ubucuruzi n'ubuhanga kugira ngo bemeze abaguzi ko bahuye n'ibikoresho bizenguruka byakozwe mu buryo bwa metric. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibishushanyo by'ubuhanga, impapuro z'amakuru ya pompe, n'ibitabo bya OEM ku isi yose bikomeje kugaragaza DIN 24960 kugira ngo byemeze ko imiterere ihuye.

Uburyo DIN 24960 igereranywa na EN 12756

Mu mpera z'imyaka ya 1990, Komite y'Uburayi ishinzwe Ubuziranenge (CEN) yashyizeho EN 12756 kugira ngo ihuze amahame ngenderwaho y'ubujeni mu bihugu bigize Umuryango w'Uburayi. Iri hame ryinjije neza DIN 24960, bivuze ko byombi bifitanye isano, nubwo hari itandukaniro rigaragara mu ikoreshwa ryabyo no mu mazina yabyo.

Itandukaniro ry'ingenzi n'ibisa

EN 12756 ni uburyo bugezweho bwo guhindura DIN 24960 mu Burayi bwose. Ibipimo bifatika—harimo uburebure bw'imikorere bwa L1K na L1N, inyongera y'umugozi wa d1, n'umurambararo w'intebe ya d7—biguma ari bimwe hagati y'ibipimo byombi. Ikimenyetso cyakorewe DIN 24960 kizashyirwa mu mwobo wagenewe EN 12756, n'ibindi.

Impamvu gukurikiza amahame ngenderwaho bitajyanye neza

Nubwo DIN 24960 na EN 12756 byemeza ko agapapuro k'umukara kazashyirwa ahantu habigenewe, kubahiriza imiterere y'ibipimo ntibihwanye no guhuza imikorere. Agapapuro k'umukara gabiri kemewe n'inganda zitandukanye gashobora kugira igipimo cy'impeshyi gitandukanye cyane, seti zo gukanda za elastomer, cyangwa imipaka y'umuvuduko w'igitutu (PV). Urugero, agapapuro k'umukara kamwe kemewe n'amategeko gashobora gukoresha imvange y'ibikoresho bifite umupaka wa PV wa 20 MPa·m/s, mu gihe akandi kagera kuri 50 MPa·m/s. Iyo itsinda rishinzwe gutanga amasoko rihinduye izi gapapuro hashingiwe gusa ku gipimo cy'umukara, agapapuro k'umukara gafite imiterere iri hasi gashobora kwangirika vuba no kwangirika vuba iyo gashyizwemo amazi afite ubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa umuvuduko wo hejuru w'umugozi.

Igihe cyo guhitamo ibirango bisanzwe

Ibyuma bizwi bihuye na DIN 24960 cyangwa EN 12756 ni byo byiza cyane ku bantu bagera kuri 80% by'ibikoresho rusange, harimogutunganya amazi, kohereza imiti yoroheje, no gutunganya hifashishijwe umuvuduko muto wa hydrocarbon. Injeniyeri zigomba kugaragaza ibi bice bisanzwe iyo imiterere y'imikorere iri mu bipimo biri hagati (ubusanzwe munsi ya 16 bar no munsi ya 150°C) kandi aho kugabanya ikiguzi cyose cyo gutunga ibintu binyuze mu guhuza ububiko ari cyo ntego y'ibanze. Ku rundi ruhande, ku mazi afite uburozi bwinshi, atera ubushyuhe bwinshi, cyangwa ashyushye cyane, yakozwe mu buryo bwihariye.ibipfukisho bya karitoliakenshi bisimbura ibifunga bisanzwe by'ibice.

Uburyo bwo Gukoresha DIN 24960 mu Kugura no Kubungabunga

Gushaka no kubungabunga imitako ya mekanike hakurikijwe amabwiriza ya DIN 24960 bisaba kugenzura ubuziranenge neza no kugenzura neza. Kubera ko ayo mahame agena ibipimo gusa, umutwaro ureba ikoranabuhanga ryo gutanga no kubungabunga kugira ngo harebwe ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho n'uburyo bwo kubitunganya neza.

Uburyo bwo kugenzura ko amategeko yubahirizwa

Kugenzura iyubahirizwa rya DIN 24960 bisaba kugenzura neza imiterere y’ibice nyuma yo kwakira ibice. Abatekinisiye bo kubungabunga bagomba gukoresha mikorometero na caliper byagenzuwe kugira ngo bapime ingano z’ingenzi: umurambararo w’imbere w’igice kizunguruka, umurambararo w’inyuma w’intebe ihagaze (d7), n’uburebure bw’axial butagabanijwe. Ibi bipimo bigomba kuba bihujwe n’uburyo bwemewe bw’urwego. Byongeye kandi, kugenzura uburebure bukwiye bwo gushyiraho (L1K cyangwa L1N) mu gihe cyo guteranya ni ingenzi cyane. Abatekinisiye basanzwe bandika umugozi kugira ngo barebe ko agapfundikizo gashyirwa kuri milimetero nyayo yagenwe n’urwego, birinda amakosa akomeye yo gushyiramo ibintu ku maso.

Ingaruka zisanzwe ku isoko n'ubuziranenge

Ingaruka zikunze kugaragara ku isoko ry’ibice bya DIN 24960 ni ukwiyongera kw’ibice bya kera bihendutse kandi bidakurikiza amategeko. Nubwo ibi bice bishobora kuba bihuye n’ibipimo bya macro-dimensions by’ibipimo, akenshi bihura n’ibibazo byo kutihanganira ibintu bito. Ubuso butari bwiza ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru ituma habaho gusohoka kw’ibice; isura nziza y’ibice igomba kuba ifatanye n’imirongo y’urumuri ya helium 2 kugeza kuri 3 (hafi 0.6 kugeza 0.9 µm). Byongeye kandi, elastomer z’impimbano cyangwa iz’urwego rwo hasi zishobora kugaragaza ubukana butari bwo bw’inkombe, bigatuma bisohoka bitewe n’igitutu cyangwa bikananirwa gutanga ubugari buhagije. Amasoko agomba kugenzura abatanga ibikoresho kugira ngo barebe ko ibyuma na elastomer bihuye n’ibisabwa n’amazi yakoreshejwe.

Inyandiko n'ibindi bisabwa kugira ngo umuntu yihanganire

Kugira ngo bigabanye ibyago byo gukora, amabwiriza yo kugura ibifunga bya DIN 24960 agomba gusaba inyandiko zihariye, harimo icyemezo cya EN 10204 3.1 cy’ibikoresho by’icyuma n’uburyo byakurikiranwa na elastomer. Ihame rishingiye ku buryo buhamye bwo gukora imashini mu nzu y’ipompo ubwayo. Agasanduku k’ibikoresho gasanzwe gasaba ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira H8, mu gihe umugozi wa pompe ugomba gushyirwa ku rugero rwa h6 cyangwa h8. Byongeye kandi, imiterere y’umugozi aho impeta ya O-dynamic ihagaze igomba kuguma ku rugero ntarengwa rwa Ra 1.6 µm kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika kwa elastomer mu gihe cy’ingendo za microscopic axial.

Uburyo bwo guhitamo igihe cyo gukoresha DIN 24960

Kumenya niba ugomba gushyiraho ikimenyetso cya DIN 24960 cyangwa guhitamo ikimenyetso cya karitsiyo cyakozwe mu buryo bwa tekiniki ni icyemezo cy'ingenzi kigira ingaruka ku bipimo by'ubwizigirwa bw'ikigo n'ingengo y'imari yo kugitunganya. Iki cyemezo kigomba kuringaniza ikiguzi cy'ibanze, uburyo ibintu bishyirwamo, n'uburyo imikorere irambye ihagaze.

Ibipimo ngenderwaho mu gufata ibyemezo mu buhanga no mu gutanga amasoko

Amatsinda y’ubuhanga n’abashinzwe amasoko agomba gusuzuma imiterere yihariye y’amazi n’ibidukikije bya pompe. Ifuru zidafite uburinganire muri rusange zigarukira ku gitutu kiri munsi ya bar 16, mu gihe ifuru zihuje zihuye n’ifuru imwe zishobora gukora kugeza kuri bar 25. Imipaka y’ubushyuhe igenwa ahanini na elastomer zatoranijwe, ubusanzwe kuva kuri -20°C kugeza kuri 200°C ku binyabutabire bisanzwe bya FKM cyangwa EPDM. Iyo ikoreshwa rirenze ibi bipimo, cyangwa niba amazi ari ifuru ihumanya ikirere (VOC) isaba kubahiriza API 682 no gushyiraho uburyo bwo gufunga kabiri, ifuru zisanzwe za DIN 24960 ntabwo zihagije, kandi hagomba gushyirwaho uburyo bukomeye kandi bwihariye bwo gufunga.

Uburyo bwo kuringaniza igenamigambi, ububiko, n'imikorere

Guhuza ubuziranenge n'imikorere bisaba isesengura ry'Ikiguzi cy'Ubucuruzi (TCO). Ibyuma bisanzwe bya DIN 24960 muri rusange bihenda 40% kugeza kuri 60% mbere y'uko bishyirwamo ibyuma bya kera byashyizwemo imashini. Ariko, ibyuma bisanzwe bisaba uburyo bwitondewe bwo kubikoresha no gukora akazi gakomeye kugira ngo bishyirweho neza, aho gushyiraho bisanzwe bifata amasaha 2 kugeza kuri 4 kugira ngo harebwe neza uburebure bw'akazi no kwirinda kwanduza isura. Ibikoresho bifite amahugurwa menshiabakozi bashinzwe kubungabungakandi itegeko ryo kugabanya ikiguzi cy’ububiko rizakungukira cyane mu gushyiraho DIN 24960. Ku rundi ruhande, inganda zihura n’ingaruka nyinshi ku ihindagurika ry’ibicuruzwa cyangwa izishyira imbere gusana byihuse (MTTR) zishobora gusanga ikiguzi cyo hejuru cy’ibikoresho bya cartridge bigabanuka bitewe no gushyiraho plug-and-play, bigatuma imiterere ya DIN 24960 idahuye n’uburyo bwihariye bwo gukora.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Imyanzuro y'ingenzi n'impamvu z'ingenzi ku gipimo cya DIN 24960 Mechanical Seal Standard
• Ibisobanuro, kubahiriza amategeko, n'igenzura ry'ingaruka bikwiye kwemezwa mbere yo kwiyemeza
• Intambwe zikurikiraho zifatika n'ibyo abasomyi bashobora gushyira mu bikorwa ako kanya

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni iki DIN 24960 igena ku birebana n'udupfundikizo twa mekanike?

Igena ingano n'uburebure bw'aho imashini zifungira ipompo zishyirwa, bityo imashini zishobora guhurirana zidahinduye aho imashini zifungira ipompo zikorera.

Ese DIN 24960 isobanura ibikoresho by'uburinzi cyangwa imipaka y'umuvuduko?

Oya. Ikubiyemo ahanini ingano, ntabwo ari ibikoresho byo ku maso, elastomer, metallurgy, cyangwa igitutu nyacyo, ubushyuhe, n'umuvuduko.

L1K na L1N muri DIN 24960 ni iki?

Ni uburebure busanzwe bwo gukora: L1K ni verisiyo ngufi, na L1N ni verisiyo isanzwe. Guhuza uburebure bukwiye ni ingenzi kugira ngo bikwirane neza kandi bicike neza.

Kuki DIN 24960 ikiri ingenzi mu kubungabunga pompe?

Pompe nyinshi za kera ziracyazikoresha. Gukurikiza DIN 24960 bifasha amakipe ashinzwe kubungabunga gusimbuza pompe vuba no kugabanya ibibazo byo guhuza imikorere yazo mu matsinda atandukanye y’ipompe.

Ese Victor Seals ishobora gutanga seal zisimbura DIN 24960?

Yego. Victor Seals itanga imitako isanzwe kandi ijyanye na OEM yo kubungabunga pompe z'inganda, ifasha abaguzi guhuza imitako ingana na DIN mu bikorwa byinshi byo kupompa.