Ni iyihe pump shaft seal nziza ku bikoresho bimara igihe kirekire?

Intangiriro

Ku bikoresho byitezwe ko bikomeza gukora, ifunga ry'umugozi wa pompe akenshi ni ryo rigena hagati ya serivisi ihamye n'ifungwa ryiyongera. Amahitamo meza si rusange: biterwa n'imiterere y'amazi, umuvuduko, ubushyuhe, umuvuduko w'umugozi, uburyo bwo kubungabunga, n'igihe inzira ishobora kwihanganira kuva cyangwa kudakora. Iyi nkuru isobanura uburyo amahitamo asanzwe yo gufunga agereranywa mu bikorwa bimara igihe kirekire, aho buri kimwe gikora neza, n'uburyo bwo gusimburana bugira akamaro cyane mu bijyanye no kwizerwa, umutekano, n'ikiguzi cyose cyo gukora. Mu mpera, abasomyi bazaba bafite uburyo bwo guhitamo ifunga rishyigikira igihe kirekire cyo gukora no kudakora neza guhendutse.

Impamvu guhitamo umugozi w'imashini yo gufunga pompe ari ingenzi

Mu bijyanye no gucunga amazi mu nganda, ubwizerwe bw'ibikoresho bimara igihe kirekire bushingiye ku buziranenge bw'ibikoreshoikirango cy'umuyoboro wa pompeNk'imbogamizi nyamukuru hagati y'ibikoresho byo mu kirere bipompa imbere n'ibidukikije byo hanze, iki gifunga kigena igihe cy'imikorere y'uburyo bwose bwo kuvoma. Ku bikorwa bihoraho - nko gutwara imiyoboro, gutunganya amazi ya hydrocarbon, no gukwirakwiza amazi mu mujyi - iki gifunga cyangiritse gihindura inzitizi zikomeye, ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije, n'ibihano bikomeye by'imari. Guhitamo ikoranabuhanga ryiza ryo kuvoma si ukwitabwaho gusa, ahubwo ni ngombwa mu buhanga mu mikorere irambye y'inganda.

Igihe cyo gukora, ibyago byo kuvuja kw'amazi, n'igiciro cyose

Isano iri hagati y’ubuziranenge bw’ibifunga n’igihe cyo gukora ibikoresho ntishobora kurenza urugero. Mu nganda zikora ibintu uko bishakiye, intego y’igihe hagati y’ibise (MTBF) ku ipompo zikoresha centrifugal isanzwe irenga amezi 36 kugeza kuri 48.ibifunga bya mekanikeBigize hafi 70% by'intege nke zose za pompe zikoresha centrifugal, gukoresha neza iki gice kimwe ni yo ngamba nziza cyane yo kongera igihe cya MTBF. Igihe kidateganijwe cyo kuruhuka mu nganda zikora peteroli cyangwa amashanyarazi gishobora gutwara amafaranga arenga $100.000 ku munsi, bigatuma amafaranga akoreshwa mu gufunga ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru akwiye kuba afite ishingiro.

Uretse igihe cyo gukora, ibyago byo kuvunika kw'amazi biteza ibibazo bikomeye byo kubahiriza amategeko n'umutekano. Amabwiriza agezweho agenga ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ategeka imipaka ikomeye ku bintu bihumanya ikirere (VOCs). Guhitamo ibifunga bidakwiye bishobora gutuma habaho gusohoka kw'amazi mu buryo burambye binyuranyije n'amahame agenga ibidukikije, bigatera amande akomeye n'igenzura ry'inganda ritegetswe. Kubwibyo, gusuzuma ikiguzi cyose cy'umutungo (TCO) bisaba gusuzuma inshuro zo gusimbuza, imirimo yo kubungabunga, igihombo cy'amazi, n'ibihano bishobora gutangwa n'amategeko, aho kwibanda gusa ku giciro cy'amasoko.

Imikorere y'ibikoresho mu gihe kirekire

Ibikoresho bimara igihe kirekire bikora mu buryo buhindagurika kandi akenshi bukabije bugerageza aho ikoranabuhanga ryo gufunga rigarukira. Gukomeza gukora bituma agakoresho gashyirwamo ubushyuhe bukabije, bigasaba uburyo bwiza bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe kugira ngo hirindwe ko amazi ahinduka umwuka ndetse n'imimerere yo gufunga ikaza. Byongeye kandi, guhindagurika kwa mashini, guhindagurika kwa hydraulic, no gushyuha k'umuvuduko bisaba ubushobozi budasanzwe bwo guhangana n'agakoresho gashyirwamo agakoresho.

Gutembera k'umugozi ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu mikorere gifite ingaruka zikomeye ku kuramba kw'imashini. Amahame ngenderwaho mu nganda, nka API 610, ategeka ko gutembera k'umugozi ku buso bw'imashini y'ibanze kugomba kurenga mm 0.05 (inchi 0.002) munsi y'imitwaro ntarengwa y'imashini. Kurenga iki gipimo bibangamira filime y'amazi ya hydrodynamic mikroskopi hagati y'imashini y'imashini, bigatuma ikorana n'imashini ikomeye, kwangirika vuba, no kwangirika gukomeye. Guhitamo imashini ikomeye bigomba kuba bikubiyemo uku kutumvikana kwa mashini mu mikorere ihoraho ya 24/7.

Iby'ibanze by'ipfundo ry'umugozi w'ipompo n'ubwoko bw'ingenzi

Gusobanukirwa imiterere y'ibanze n'imiterere ihari y'udupfundikizo twa pompe ni intambwe ya mbere mu kugena igisubizo gikwiye. Inganda zateye imbere cyane kuva ku gupakira gukomeye kwa gakondo kugeza ku dupfundikizo twakozwe neza cyane twagenewe imikorere idasohora imyuka ihumanya. Ibisubizo bigezweho byo gupfundikiza bihuza ibyuma bigezweho, ubuso bukozwe neza, na elastomer zakozwe neza kugira ngo zicunge umuvuduko ukabije, ubushyuhe, n'ibikoresho byangiza.

Gupakira, imashini imwe, imashini ebyiri, n'imashini zifunga karitoli

Gupfunyika ibintu bikomeje gukoreshwa mu gupfunyika cyane cyangwa mu gukoresha amazi atari ngombwa, ariko bisaba ko amazi acukurwa neza—ubusanzwe agabanukaho ibitonyanga 40 kugeza kuri 60 ku munota—kugira ngo ashyire amavuta kandi akonjeshe umuyoboro. Mu buryo bunyuranye, ibikoresho bipfunyika bikoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe nta mazi asohoka. Ibikoresho bimwe bipfunyika bikoresha isura imwe ikozwe mu buryo bunoze (imwe izunguruka, indi ihagaze) isizwe amavuta n'amazi asukuwe. Ibikoresho bibiri (bibiri) bikoresha isura ebyiri n'amazi akingira, bitanga uburyo bwo gukumira uburozi cyangwa ibintu bihindagurika cyane.Ibyuma by'ikaritoshyiramo amaso, amasoko, na elastomer mu gice kimwe cyateguwe mbere, bikuraho gukenera gupima intoki no kugabanya cyane amakosa yo gushyiraho.

Ibikoresho byo ku ruhande, elastomer, n'ibyuma

Kuramba kw'ikimenyetso cya mekanike biterwa cyane n'ibikoresho byatoranijwe ku maso y'ikimenyetso cy'ibanze. Ihuriro risanzwe ririmo Carbon Graphite ikorana na Silicon Carbide (SiC) cyangwa Tungsten Carbide (WC). SiC itanga ubushyuhe bwiza kandi ikomeye cyane, bigatuma iba nziza cyane mu gihe cy'ingufu zihoraho, mu gihe Carbon itanga ubushobozi bwo kwisiga mu gihe cy'izuba ryinshi. Ku bidukikije bikomeye cyane, ihurizo ry'isura ikomeye (SiC vs. SiC) rirakenewe kugira ngo hirindwe ko ikora nabi.

Ibintu byo gufunga by’inyongera, cyane cyane impeta za O-elastic, bigomba kuba bihuye n’ibinyabutabire bya pomped kandi bikabasha kwihanganira ubushyuhe bw’imikorere. Nitrile Standard (NBR) cyangwa EPDM elastomers birakwiriye gukoreshwa mu mazi yo mu kirere, ariko birakaze cyane.gutunganya imitibisaba Fluoroelastomers (FKM) cyangwa Perfluoroelastomers (FFKM). Ibinyabutabire bya FFKM byiza bishobora kugumana ubushyuhe n'ubudahangarwa bw'imiti ku bushyuhe buhoraho bugera kuri 320°C (608°F), bigatuma ihuriro ry'ibifunga rikomeza gukora neza mu myaka myinshi ikora.

Uburyo bwo kugereranya amahitamo y'ikimenyetso

Kugereranya amahitamo y'ibumba bisaba isesengura rikomeye ry'ubuhanga ry'ibipimo by'imikorere ya porogaramu. Abahanga mu by'injeniyeri bagomba gusuzuma ikoranabuhanga rihanganye hashingiwe ku nzitizi za thermodynamic, ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ikoranabuhanga, n'ingufu zose z'uburyo bwo gufunga. Kugereranya byose byemeza ko ibumba ryatoranijwe ritazapfa gusa gukoreshwa ahubwo rigakora neza hatabayeho gusaba ubufasha burenze urugero mu kubungabunga.

Ibipimo by'ingenzi byo guhitamo tekiniki

Igipimo cy'ibanze cya tekiniki cyo kugereranya imigozi ya mekanike ni umupaka w'umuvuduko w'umuvuduko (PV). Agaciro ka PV kagaragaza umusaruro w'igabanuka ry'umuvuduko ku buso bw'imigozi n'umuvuduko ugenda wiyongera w'isura izenguruka. Imigozi ya mekanike idahuje ubusanzwe igarukira ku gaciro ka PV ka 1.8 MPa·m/s. Ku ngufu nyinshi, imigozi ya mekanike irakenewe. Kugereranya bigabanya imbaraga zo gufunga hydraulic ku buso bw'imigozi, bigatuma ibasha guhangana n'imipaka ya PV kugeza kuri 8.3 MPa·m/s cyangwa irenga nta kuzana ubushyuhe bwangiza.

Uretse imipaka ya PV, injeniyeri zigomba gusuzuma ubushobozi bw'ikimenyetso cyo gufunga mu guhangana n'ingendo z'imirongo n'imirongo. Ibikoresho byo gufunga - bikoresha imigozi y'icyuma ivanze aho gukoresha impeta za O-zikoresha imbaraga z'impeta - bigira akamaro cyane mu gukoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi kuko bikuraho ibyago byo kumanika elastomer. Kugereranya uburyo bw'impeta (impeta nyinshi z'imigozi ugereranyije n'impeta z'umuraba ugereranyije n'impeta z'icyuma) ni ingenzi kugira ngo hahuzwe ubushobozi bw'ikimenyetso bwo gukurikirana n'imiterere y'imashini.

Ikiguzi cy'ubuzima, igihombo cy'ingufu, n'uburyo bwo gushyiramo ibikoresho

Isesengura ry'ibiciro by'ubuzima rikunze kugaragaza ko igiciro cya mbere cyo kugura agapapuro k'umukara kiri munsi ya 15% by'ikiguzi cyose cy'imikorere. Ikoreshwa ry'ingufu ni ikintu gikomeye gitandukanya; uburyo busanzwe bwo gupfunyika butuma habaho gukururana guhoraho ku giti cyangwa ku gipfunyika, bigatwara imbaraga z'amashanyarazi zirenze inshuro 6 ugereranyije n'agapapuro k'umukara k'umukara. Mu gihe cy'imyaka 10 ipompe ya 200 kW imaze, iki gihombo cy'ingufu zo gukururana gishobora kungana n'amadolari ibihumbi mirongo mu mashanyarazi yapfushijwe.

Uburyo bwo gushyiramo ibintu butuma ikiguzi cy'ubuzima bwose gishira. Ibyuma bifunga ibice bisaba ko icyuma gishyiraho intoki uburyo bwo gukanda impera, akenshi bigasaba ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibintu buri hagati ya +/- 0.5 mm. Gukosa gato mu kubara bitera kwangirika kw'isura ako kanya cyangwa imbaraga zidahagije zo gufunga. Ibyuma bifunga ibice, nubwo bifite agaciro gakomeye, bigabanya ibi byago burundu. Imiterere yabyo ituma bihuza neza n'uruganda, bigabanya igihe cyo gushyiraho kugeza kuri 70% kandi bigakuraho burundu amakosa y'abana bato aterwa n'amakosa ya muntu.

Iyo hakenewe sisitemu yo gushyigikira ikidodo cyangwa gahunda ya API

Ifunze rya mekanike rishobora kwiringirwa gusa nk'uko icyuma gifunga kiri hagati y'amaso yacyo gishyushye cyane, gikaraga cyane, cyangwa kidafite amavuta ahagije, uburyo bwo gushyigikira ifunze buba itegeko. Ibipimo ngenderwaho bya Ikigo cy'Abanyamerika gishinzwe Peteroli (API) 682 bigena gahunda zihariye zo gucunga ibidukikije byo gufunga. Urugero, Gahunda ya 11 ikoresha uburyo bworoshye bwo gusohora ifunze mu ifunze kugira ngo ikonjeshe icyumba cyo gufunga no gukuraho utubumbe tw'umwuka mu mazi meza.

Ku mazi ateza akaga cyangwa ahindagurika cyane, agapfunyika gafite ipfunyika ebyiri gahujwe na API Plan 53A akenshi ni ko gasanzwe. Gahunda ya 53A itanga amazi akingira umwuka asukuye kandi afite umuvuduko uva mu kigega cyo hanze akagera mu mwanya uri hagati y’impande z’imbere n’inyuma z’agapfunyika. Kugira ngo hatabaho gusohoka kw’amazi mu kirere, amazi akingira agomba kuguma ku gitutu kiri hagati ya 1.5 na 2.0 bar (22 kugeza 29 psi) hejuru y’umuvuduko ntarengwa w’agasanduku ko gushyiramo umwuka. Kugereranya uburyo bwo gupfunyika bigomba kuba birimo amafaranga y’imari n’ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga izi sisitemu zikenewe.

Uburyo bwo guhitamo ikimenyetso cyiza cyo gukoresha

Gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwo guhitamo bufite imiterere myiza byemeza ko nta mpinduka ikomeye yirengagijwe. Impinduka kuva ku kugereranya inyigisho kugeza ku bisobanuro bya nyuma bisaba isuzuma ry’uburyo ibintu bihindukamo amazi, imiterere y’ibikoresho, n’intego z’imikorere zihariye. Guhindura ikimenyetso ku nyubako nyayo y’inganda ni ingenzi cyane mu kongera igihe cyo gukora.

Uburyo bwo guhitamo ikimenyetso intambwe ku yindi

Uburyo bwo guhitamo intambwe ku yindi butangirana no kumenya imiterere y'amazi: imiterere nyayo y'ibinyabutabire, ingano, uburemere bwihariye, ubukana, n'umuvuduko w'umwuka ku bushyuhe bw'imikorere. Hanyuma, injeniyeri zigomba kubara imiterere y'ikirere mu gasanduku k'ibikoresho, zikerekana umuvuduko ntarengwa wo gusohora n'imimerere iyo ari yo yose ishobora kubaho mu gihe cyo gutangira. Aya makuru agena niba hakenewe igishushanyo mbonera cy'igipfunyika kidahuje cyangwa kiringaniye.

Intambwe ya gatatu ni uguhitamo uburyo bwo gufunga (bumwe, bubiri butarimo umuvuduko, cyangwa bubiri budafite umuvuduko) hashingiwe ku mategeko agenga uburozi n'ibyuka bihumanya ibidukikije. Amaherezo, guhitamo ibikoresho birarangira. Ibi birimo kureba imiterere y'amazi ugereranije n'imbonerahamwe zijyanye n'imiti kugira ngo hamenyekane imiterere y'ibyuma (urugero: 316 Stainless Steel, Alloy 20, cyangwa Hastelloy C), ibikoresho byo mu maso, na elastomer ya kabiri. Gusimbuka cyangwa gufata amakuru muri kimwe muri ibi ntambwe nta kabuza bitera kwangirika kw'umuvuduko w'amazi imburagihe.

Itandukaniro hagati y'amazi, itunganywa ry'imiti, n'izindi porogaramu

Ahantu ho gukoreshwa hagena ingamba zitandukanye cyane zo gufunga. Mu gutwara amazi n'amazi mabi mu mujyi, ikibazo nyamukuru ni uduce duto two mu bwoko bwa abrasive. Uduce duto muri ubu buryo dukoresha imvange ikomeye yo mu maso (SiC / SiC) kandi uduce duto two mu bwoko bwa single-spring cyangwa elastomer dukoresha imiterere idapfa gufunga ibintu bikomeye. Ku rundi ruhande, urwego rw'imiti n'ibiryo rushyira imbere imiterere y'isuku ifite ubuso butoshye cyane (akenshi buri munsi ya 0.4 µm Ra) na elastomer zemewe na FDA kugira ngo hirindwe ko bagiteri zikura.

Uburyo bwo gufata icyemezo ku mugozi wo gufunga pompe

Gushyiraho urwego rw’ibyemezo bihamye byemerera abayobozi b’inganda n’abahanga mu by’ubwizerwe gushaka, gusuzuma no gushyira mu bikorwa ibisubizo byiza byo kuziba. Urwego ruhamye rukemura ibicuruzwa bidakomeye kandi ruhuza ingamba zo gutanga amasoko n’intego z’igihe kirekire z’ubuhanga, rugenzura ko ingengo y’imari y’igihe gito idahungabanya ibikorwa remezo by’ingenzi by’inganda.

Ibimenyetso by'umuburo by'amahitamo y'ibirango bihendutse

Kumenya ibimenyetso by'umuburo w'udupfundikizo duhendutse kandi tw'ibicuruzwa ni ingenzi cyane mu kurinda ibikoresho bimara igihe kirekire. Udupfundikizo duhendutse akenshi tubangamira uburyo bwo gupfundikishwa mu maso. Kugira ngo agapfundikizo ka mashini gakore neza, amaso y'ibanze agomba gupfundikishwa kugeza ku bugari bwa metero 2 kugeza kuri 3 z'urumuri rwa helium, bivuze ko ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira mikorometero 0.58 kugeza kuri 0.87. Udupfundikizo duto dutuma isura iva cyane kandi igasaza vuba mu byumweru bike bya mbere by'imikorere.

Ikindi kimenyetso gikuru ni ugukoresha elastomer zitari zifite ikirango cyangwa generic. Nubwo impeta ya FKM O-ring isanzwe ishobora kugaragara nk'iy'igiciro cyinshi, yemewe n'imiti, ikoreshwa ryayo rishobora kutagira ubucucike bukenewe kugira ngo ridatuma ibintu bitwikwa cyangwa ibitero by'imiti bishyuha cyane. Byongeye kandi, abacuruza ibintu bihendutse bakunze gukoresha ibice by'icyuma bipfundikiye aho gukoresha ibikoresho byakozwe neza, bigatuma habaho imitako idahuye kandi ikagira ingaruka mbi ku maso y'ikimenyetso iyo habayeho umuvuduko mwinshi.

Guhuza ubushobozi bw'abatanga serivisi n'ubushobozi bwabo

Uburyo bwo gufata ibyemezo bugira ingaruka nziza ku irari ry’ishyirwaho ry’ibipimo ngenderwaho mu bucuruzi rusange n’ikenerwa ry’ubushobozi bwihariye mu gutanga ibicuruzwa.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Imyanzuro y'ingenzi n'impamvu yo gufunga umugozi wa pompe
• Ibisobanuro, kubahiriza amategeko, n'igenzura ry'ingaruka bikwiye kwemezwa mbere yo kwiyemeza
• Intambwe zikurikiraho zifatika n'ibyo abasomyi bashobora gushyira mu bikorwa ako kanya

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni iyihe pompe shaft seal ikwiriye ibikoresho bimara igihe kirekire?

Ku mapompo menshi yo mu nganda amasaha 24/7, agakoresho ko gufunga karitsiye ni ko gakwiye kuko kagabanya amakosa yo gushyiramo, kagagenzura amazi ava mu kirere, kandi kagatuma akazi karamba.

Ni ryari nkwiye guhitamo agapfunyika ka kabiri k'imashini aho guhitamo agapfunyika kamwe?

Koresha agakoresho gafite uburozi, ubushyuhe, ubukonje, cyangwa uburozi. Bifasha mu gukumira no kubahiriza ibisabwa byose byo gusohora amazi no kubungabunga umutekano.

Kuki seal za karitsiyo zikundwa cyane ku mapompo ahora akora akazi katoroshye?

Ibyuma bifunga amakarito biza byateguwe mbere kandi bigashyirwaho mbere, bityo gushyiramo bikaba byihuse kandi neza. Ibi bigabanya amakosa yo gutangira kandi bikongera igihe cyo gukora ku bikoresho bimara igihe kirekire.

Ni ibihe bikoresho byo gufunga bikora neza mu gukoresha pompe zikomeye?

Isura za karubide ya silikoni cyangwa tungsten ni izisanzwe zikoreshwa mu gutanga serivisi ikomeye. Huza elastomer n'ibice by'icyuma n'ubushyuhe, igitutu, n'ibinyabutabire kugira ngo upfundikishe igihe kirekire.

Ese Victor Seals ishobora gutanga imigozi y'imigozi ikoreshwa na OEM ku bigo bikomeye?

Yego. Victor Seals itanga seal zisimbura kandi zijyanye na OEM ku bigo nka Grundfos, Flygt, IMO, Alfa Laval, APV, Lowara, Fristam, na Allweiler.